Figure 1.
Environmental parameters of the Landsort Deep.
Selected environmental parameters collected at Landsort, station BY31, Deep in the Baltic Sea in April 2009 concurrently with sampling of water and sediment for metagenomic analysis. Projected lines indicate the steep increase (10 to 100-fold) of NH4+ and PO43− in the sediment. Arrows indicates the four sampling depths. For additional environmental data see Table S1.
Figure 2.
Correspondence analysis of taxa and functional capacities of Landsort Deep metagenomes.
Correspondence analysis of the sampled Landsort Deep bacterial/archaeal communities based on taxa and functional capacity, respectively. a) Ordination diagram from CA of relative abundances of taxa (rank of family). CA1 and CA2 represent 59% and 27% of the total variation, respectively. Families affiliated to phylum (or class in the case of Proteobacteria) contributing with >1% to the total communities is shown. The most dominant family or species within each phylum/class is indicated with text if >0.9%. b) Ordination diagram from CA of relative abundances of functional capacities represented by SEED categories (hierarchy 2). Of the total variation 76% and 14% were reproduced on CA1 and CA2, respectively. SEED categories, within parent categories (SEED hierarchy 1) showing large variation (i.e. >25% difference between highest and lowest value), are shown with larger circles. The four SEED categories at the furthest ends of CA1 with relative abundance >0.1‰ in each community or >0.5‰ in at least one community, are shown. Triangles represent the positions of samples in the ordination diagram. For detailed data see Table S5.
Figure 3.
Nitrogen and sulphur metabolism of the Landsort Deep.
Relative abundance of reads assigned to SEED categories within a) nitrogen metabolism and b) sulphur metabolism for the four Landsort Deep metagenomes. Numbers above truncated bars represent corresponding max value for the 10 m, 75 m, 400 m and sediment metagenome, respectively.
Figure 4.
Comparative metagenomic analysis of taxa and functional capacities.
Comparative network analysis of the Landsort Deep metagenomes in this study and other aquatic and terrestrial metagenomes of; (a) taxa (family level distribution); (b) functional capacity (SEED hierarchy 2). The network was obtained using the NeighborNet method and the Bray Curtis distance metric in MEGAN 4.
Figure 5.
Comparative analysis and hierarchical clustering of functional capacities.
Comparative analysis of the functional capacity of Landsort Deep metagenomes with that of other aquatic metagenomes based on normalised assignments of sequence reads to functional categories of SEED (hierarchy 1). Yellow to black represents high to low relative abundance of SEED categories. Clustering was generated using Kendall’s Tau distance metric and average linkage clustering. For a more detailed cluster analysis see Figure S4.