Table 1.
Top five models for total daily provisioning rate.
Table 2.
Factors affecting total daily provisioning rate, estimates of effect sizes, standard errors (SE), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Figure 1.
The effect of maximum daily temperature on % daily mass change of nestlings.
The negative effect of tmax on % daily mass change of nestlings (Δm) was modified by nestling age. Closed circles and dotted line represent six-day old nestlings; open circles and dashed line represent ten-day old nestlings, stars and solid line represent 14-day old nestlings. Each data point represents Δm averaged over all nestlings in a single brood. Lines of best fit were calculated using model predictions from a GLMM at average levels of provisioning and take into account variance caused by random terms.
Table 3.
Top five models for nestling % daily body mass gain (Δm).
Table 4.
Factors affecting nestling % daily mass change (Δm), estimates of effect sizes, standard errors (SE), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Figure 2.
Relationships between numbers of days tmax > tcrit during the nestling period and fledging parameters.
Model estimates and 95% CIs for relationships between number of days on which tmax > tcrit (plotted on the x-axis) and A: fledging mass; B: fledging tarsus length; and C: age-at-fledge. The y-axis shows the effect on each fledging parameter of a single day during the nestling period on which tmax > tcrit. For example in A: a single day of tmax > 38°C will reduce fledgling body mass by 5.3 g. As number and intensity of hot days within the nestling period increases, the size of fledglings decreases (A & B) and nestlings take longer to fledge (C). White circles indicate 90% CIs include zero; grey circles indicate that 90% CIs exclude zero; black circles indicate that 95% CIs exclude zero.
Figure 3.
Relationships between tmax on each day of the nestling period and fledging parameters.
Model estimates and 95% CIs for relationships between tmax on each day of the nestling period (day 1 = day of hatch) and A: fledging mass (g); B: fledging tarsus length (mm); and C: age-at-fledge. The y-axis shows the effect of a 1°C increase in tmax on the day of the nestling period indicated on the x-axis. For example in A: a 1°C increase in tmax on day eight of the nestling period reduced fledgling body mass by 1.2 g. White circles indicate 90% CIs include zero; grey circles indicate that 90% CIs exclude zero; black circles indicate that 95% CIs exclude zero.