Figure 1.
Results from the functional connectivity analysis in controls and pathological gamblers.
a) A re-analysis of previously published fMRI data of decision-making in controls and gamblers revealed a main effect of subjective value across groups (controls and pathological gamblers) and conditions (delay and probability discounting). b) Functional connectivity of the left ventral striatum with bilateral amygdala was enhanced in the gamblers compared to the controls (left amygdala: psvc = .001, right amygdala: psvc = .005). Similar effects were seen when the seed was placed in the right ventral striatum (see Table 2). Left panels: display threshold p<0.001 uncorrected, 10 voxels (a) and p<0.005 uncorrected, 10 voxels (b).
Figure 2.
Regions showing greater striatal functional connectivity in gamblers vs. controls, conjunction analysis across delay and probability discounting trials (display threshold p<0.005 uncorrected for each contrast, psvc<.05 for left amygdala).
Color bars denote t-values.
Table 1.
Anatomical Site, Cluster Size, maximum Z value, and MNI coordinates of the local maxima for the connectivity analysis (seed in left ventral striatum [MNI coordinates −10 9 −9], connectivity gamblers>controls).
Table 2.
Anatomical Site, Cluster Size, maximum Z value, and MNI coordinates of the local maxima for the connectivity analysis (seed in right ventral striatum [MNI coordinates 10 10 −2], connectivity gamblers>controls).
Table 3.
Anatomical Site, Cluster Size, maximum Z value, and MNI coordinates of the local maxima for the connectivity analysis (seed in right ventral striatum [MNI coordinates 10 10 −2], connectivity gamblers>controls, main effect across delay and probability discounting trials).
Table 4.
Anatomical Site, Cluster Size, maximum Z value, and MNI coordinates of the local maxima for the connectivity analysis (seed in left ventral striatum [MNI coordinates −10 9 −9], connectivity gamblers>controls, main effect across delay and probability discounting trials).