Figure 1.
Nutrient intake distributions.
A simple estimate of usual intake is to calculate mean intake over the available two days. However, this measure still includes appreciable random error, resulting in a too broad distribution: Both the low-end tail and the high-end tail of the “Mean for two days” distribution over-estimate the frequency of true low and high intakes.
Table 1.
Examples of replacements by Choices compliant products from the Dutch Food composition table [24].
Figure 2.
Potential impact on nutrient intakes.
Results are expressed as percentage change in median intakes for macronutrients (A) and micronutrients (B) if the Dutch population (aged 19–30) would eat ‘only’ foods that comply with Choices (with and without adjustment for differences in energy density) as compared to the “actual” intake. Assuming a normal distribution, median values approximate average intake levels. SAFA: saturated fatty acids, TFA: trans fatty acids, MUFA: mono unsaturated fatty acids, PUFA: poly unsaturated fatty acids.
Table 2.
Percentage of the population with intakes that do not comply with the population nutrient intake goals for different nutrients in Dutch adults aged 19–30 year.
Table 3.
Percentage of the population with intakes that do not comply with the Average Nutrient Requirements (ANRs) for different nutrients in Dutch adults aged 19–30 year.
Figure 3.
Potential impact of snacks replacement (partially or not) on intakes of energy, SAFA, TFA, sodium and total sugar.
Results are expressed as percentage difference of median nutrient intakes for the different scenarios as compared to the Choices scenario: If the Dutch population (aged 19–30) would eat ‘only’ foods that comply with Choices (set at = 0), with adjustment for differences in energy density (Choices energy adjusted), with partial or with no replacements of snacks (Snacks, partially or not replaced). Assuming a normal distribution, median values approximate average intake levels. SAFA: saturated fatty acids, TFA: trans fatty acids.
Figure 4.
Usual intake distributions for trans fatty acids (TFA) for all five scenarios.
“Actual” TFA intake is compared to the Choices scenario: if the Dutch population (aged 19–30) would eat ‘only’ foods that comply with Choices; with and without adjustment for differences in energy density (Choices and Choices, energy adjusted); with partial or with no replacements of snacks (Snacks, partially or not replaced). Maximal intake limit for TFA is 2.2 g/d (1 en%, 2000 kcal).
Table 4.
Percentiles of nutrient intakes according to different scenarios.
Table 5.
Top 10 foods according to the “Actual” and “Choices” scenarios for the intake of saturated fatty acids and vitamin A given as percentage of total intakes.