Figure 1.
Noh mask images used as stimuli.
(A) The 12 Noh mask images having overlaid shadows used in Experiment 1. Koomote, Zoonna, Juroku, and Doji each refers to the different type of the Noh mask. For each mask, there were three conditions regarding the emotional facial expressions: happy, neutral, and sad. (B) Test images used in Experiment 2, having shadows of the vertically tilted images overlaid to the frontal mask.
Figure 2.
(A) Proportion of the “happy” evaluation for each Noh mask type (i.e., Koomote, Zoonna, Juroku, and Doji) and shadow condition (i.e., sad, neutral, and happy) in Experiment 1. (B) Proportion of the “happy” evaluation for each shadow inclination in Experiment 2. The dashed horizontal lines indicate the chance proportion of the “happy” responses (50%). Error bars indicate standard errors of the mean.