Table 1.
Genotype, virulence genes and phages of murine and human CC88 isolates.
Table 2.
DNA microarray analysis of JSNZ and human CC88 isolates.
Figure 1.
JSNZ efficiently colonizes the nose and gastrointestinal tract of CD1 mice.
Female CD1 mice were intranasally inoculated with 108 CFUs S. aureus JSNZ SmR and Newman SmR. Mice were pre-treated with Sm to reduce the natural flora (filled symbols) or left untreated (empty symbols). Bacterial loads in the nose (A) and feces (B) were determined at indicated time points and the median is shown. Data were compared using a two-tailed Mann Whitney test (A, p = 0.0338 for Sm-treated JSNZ versus Newman and p = 0.0168 for Sm-untreated JSNZ versus Newman) or a Friedman test followed by Dunn's correction for multiple comparisons (B, p = 0.0455 for Sm-treated JSNZ versus Newman and p = 0.0003 for Sm-untreated JSNZ versus Newman). Culture negative samples were plotted at the detection limit (dashed line). One representative experiment out of two is shown.
Figure 2.
Systemic inoculation of mice with JSNZ causes sustained weight loss and enhanced renal abscess formation.
Female CD1 mice were inoculated with ∼1.5×108 CFU S. aureus Newman SmR or JSNZ SmR by intraperitoneal injection. Animal weights were monitored daily in Newman and JSNZ infected animals and are presented as percentage change from day 0 body weights (A). Bacterial loads in kidneys (B), liver (C) and spleen (D) were quantified on day 4 and compared using a two-tailed Mann-Whitney test. Day 4 kidney CFU versus weight change was plotted for JSNZ (E) and Newman (F) infected mice and a two-tailed Spearman correlation test applied. Results are combined from three independent experiments, each containing six mice per treatment group. Culture negative samples were plotted at the detection limit (dashed line). Median values are depicted.
Figure 3.
S. aureus JSNZ grows more rapidly than Newman after subcutaneous inoculation into mice.
Female CD1 mice were inoculated subcutaneously on the right and left flanks with ∼5×106 CFU S. aureus Newman SmR or JSNZ SmR in cytodex beads. Abscess tissue was harvested on days 2 and 4, the number of S. aureus per abscess enumerated and data compared using a two-tailed Mann-Whitney test. The result is representative of two independent experiments, each containing three or four mice per treatment group. Median values are depicted.