Figure 1.
Cytogenetic-ladder map of wheat chromosome 3A showing locations of genes and/or QTLs influencing a number of agronomically important traits.
Markers showing connection between genetic and cytogenetic maps are highlighted in blue on the cytogenetic map. (A) Consensus cytogenetic map of chromosome 3A developed by integrating information for additional markers, genes (underlined) and QTLs on the reference map [11]. (B) Integrated genetic linkage map developed by incorporating SSR, STM and DArT markers on the RFLP skeleton map. The map was used to demarcate locations of consistent QTLs detected in the present study and to depict locations of QTLs detected for a number of agronomical traits in the published literature. (C) List of traits and symbols used to demarcate locations of QTLs published elsewhere. YLD = yield; HD = heading date; GW = grain weight; Yr/Sr/Lr = yellow, stem and leaf rust resistance; FHB = Fusarium head blight resistance; LGSA = leaf glutamine synthetase activity; KPS = kernels per spike; GPC = grain protein content; PH = plant height; GL = grain length; LW = leaf waxiness; DSF = domestication syndrome factor; APT = adult plant type; SWPS = seed weight per spike; LV/BS/DS = loaf volume, bread score and dough score; MGFR = mean grain filling rate; LFW = leaf fresh weight; TE = transpiration efficiency; FN/PHS/GC = falling number, preharvest sprouting tolerance and grain color; GL&GW = grain length and grain width; GVWT = grain volume weight; PGMS = percent greenness at maximum senescence; UTEB = Phosphorus utilization efficiencies based on biomass yield; UTEG = Phosphorus utilization efficiencies based on grain yield; ABAR = ABA responsiveness. (D) List of traits mapped during the present study (see M&M for details). Traits mapped using data recorded in glasshouse are marked with a star.
Table 1.
List of QTLs detected on chromosome 3A in the glasshouse study conducted at Pullman, WA.
Figure 2.
Alignment of cytogenetic-ladder map of wheat chromosome 3AS, showing locations of QTLs for 10 agronomical traits (confidence intervals represented by colored rectangular/square boxes), with rice chromosome 1 to identify candidate genes (CGs; highlighted in red) underlying the QTLs.
Genomic locations of two CGs were confirmed via melt curve analysis and PAGE using the genomic DNAs derived from the nulli-tetrasomic lines of wheat group 3 chromosomes, wheat cultivars Chinese Spring (CS), Wichita (WI), Cheyenne (CNN) and its substitution line [CNN(WI3A)]. On the cytogenetic map markers shown in blue are common between genetic and cytogenetic maps, the markers shown in red are common between the rice BAC-contig and cytogenetic map, and markers shown in green are common among all the maps. C = Centromere; GY = grain yield; KPSM = kernels per square meter; TKW = 1000-kernel weight; SPSM = spikes per square meter; GVWT = grain volume weight; KPS = kernels per spike; SWPS = seed weight per spike; PH = plant height; HD = heading date; PsIL = Pseudocercosporella induced lodging.
Table 2.
List of consistent QTLs* detected on chromosome 3A using data recorded over fourteen different environment years.