Figure 1.
Second-degree polynomial regression analysis of percent weight gain (PWG) for juvenile Jian carp fed with graded levels of Thr.
Each point represents the mean of three replicates with fifty fish per replicate.
Table 1.
Growth performance, final body composition and survival of juvenile Jian carp fed diets containing graded levels of Thr.
Table 2.
Growth and development of hepatopancreas and intestine, and intestinal folds height of juvenile Jian carp fed diets containing graded levels of Thr.
Table 3.
Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activities in hepatopancreas and plasma ammonia concentration (PAC) of juvenile Jian carp fed diets containing graded levels of Thr.
Table 4.
The activities of trypsin, lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas and intestine of juvenile Jian carp fed diets containing graded levels of Thr.
Table 5.
The brush border enzymes activities of juvenile Jian carp fed diets containing graded levels of Thr.
Figure 2.
Effects of dietary Thr on gene expression in muscle of juvenile Jian carp.
Values are means with standard deviations represented by vertical bars (n = 5). Different letter above bars indicated significant difference among treatments (p<0.05). Thr levels were 7.4, 9.1, 12.2, 15.7, 18.6, 22.3 and 25.2 g/kg diet respectively. TOR, target of rapamycin; 4E-BP2, eIF4E-binding protein2.
Figure 3.
Effects of dietary Thr on gene expression in hepatopancreas of juvenile Jian carp.
Values are means with standard deviations represented by vertical bars (n = 5). Different letter above bars indicated significant difference among treatments (p<0.05). Thr levels were 7.4, 9.1, 12.2, 15.7, 18.6, 22.3 and 25.2 g/kg diet respectively. TOR, target of rapamycin; 4E-BP2, eIF4E-binding protein2.
Figure 4.
Effects of dietary Thr on gene expression in proximal intestine of juvenile Jian carp.
Values are means with standard deviations represented by vertical bars (n = 5). Different letter above bars indicated significant difference among treatments (p<0.05). Thr levels were 7.4, 9.1, 12.2, 15.7, 18.6, 22.3 and 25.2 g/kg diet respectively. PI, proximal intestine; TOR, target of rapamycin; 4E-BP2, eIF4E-binding protein2.
Figure 5.
Effects of dietary Thr on gene expression in mid intestine of juvenile Jian carp.
Values are means with standard deviations represented by vertical bars (n = 5). Different letter above bars indicated significant difference among treatments (p<0.05). Thr levels were 7.4, 9.1, 12.2, 15.7, 18.6, 22.3 and 25.2 g/kg diet respectively. MI, mid intestine; TOR, target of rapamycin; 4E-BP2, eIF4E-binding protein2.
Figure 6.
Effects of dietary Thr on gene expression in distal intestine of juvenile Jian carp.
Values are means with standard deviations represented by vertical bars (n = 5). Different letter above bars indicated significant difference among treatments (p<0.05). Thr levels were 7.4, 9.1, 12.2, 15.7, 18.6, 22.3 and 25.2 g/kg diet respectively. DI, distal intestine; TOR, target of rapamycin; 4E-BP2, eIF4E-binding protein2.
Table 6.
3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide optical density (MTT OD) value, protein content and enzymes activities of enterocytes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and ammonia content in cell medium of enterocytes cultured with graded levels of Thr.
Table 7.
Threonine requirements for different fishes.