Figure 1.
The size of blue circles does not reflect MPA size. Letters within circles denote ecoregions [108]: ALB, Alboran Sea; WEST, Western Mediterranean; TUN, Tunisian Plateau and Gulf of Sidra; ION, Ionian Sea; ADR, Adriatic Sea; AEG, Aegean Sea; LEV, Levantine Sea.
Figure 2.
Frequency distributions of geographic distances.
A, Between all pairs of MPAs; B, between each MPA and its nearest neighbors; C, mean and D, maximal distances of larval transport for each MPA for the three PLDs (red, 20 days; green, 30 days; blue, 40 days).h.
Figure 3.
Colors represent the probabilities that a larva born in MPA j (column) is transported to MPA i (line). MPAs are first sorted by ecoregion [108], then alphabetically within ecoregions. A, PLD = 20 days; B, PLD = 30 days; C, PLD = 40 days. ALB, Alboran Sea; WEST, Western Mediterranean; TUN, Tunisian Plateau and Gulf of Sidra; ION, Ionian Sea; ADR, Adriatic Sea; AEG, Aegean Sea; LEV, Levantine Sea.
Figure 4.
Colors represent the connection probability. A, PLD = 20 days; B, PLD = 30 days; C, PLD = 40 days.
Figure 5.
Colors represent clusters, identified using a ‘strong’ connectivity criterion (see methods). A, PLD = 20 days; B, PLD = 30 days; C, PLD = 40 days.D.
Figure 6.
Larval abundance over coastal areas.
Abundance of larvae on the continental shelf (<200 m depth) for all MPAs at the end of larval transport. A, PLD = 20 days; B, PLD = 30 days; C, PLD = 40 days.
Figure 7.
Betweenness centrality of MPAs.
A, PLD = 20 days; B, PLD = 30 days; C, PLD = 40 days.
Table 1.
Effect of PLD on dispersal distances, connectivity and larval export.
Table 2.
Effect of vertical migration on dispersal distances, connectivity and larval export.
Table 3.
Effect of spawning season on dispersal distances, connectivity and larval export.