Figure 1.
Infectivity assay of SACMV-agroinoculated Arabidopsis.
A: Mock-inoculated Arabidopsis plants displaying no symptoms (healthy). B: SACMV – infected leaves displaying leaf curl and deformation. C: SACMV copy number (copies/200 ng TNA) over time. Large error bars indicate variability in virus copy number due to biological differences between replicates. D and E: AGL1 detection in 200 ng of TNA from healthy and SACMV – infected leaf tissue across time points 14, 24, and 36 dpi.
Figure 2.
Venn diagram depicting the distribution of 13,934 differentially expressed genes (p<0.05) in SACMV - infected leaf tissue at three time points post infection.
Figure 3.
MIPS functional distribution categories of 2-fold differentially expressed transcripts in SACMV - infected Arabidopsis leaf tissues at 14, 24 and 36 dpi.
Figure 4.
Gene tree heat map showing hierarchical clustering of 37 out of 41 transcripts expressed continuously across time points 14, 24, and 36 dpi (4 unknowns were not displayed).
Red bars indicated induction (>2.0) and green bars, repression (<−2.0). Abbreviations: FC (Fold Change).
Table 1.
Log2 fold change and adjusted P-values (p<0.05) for 37 transcripts continuously expressed across 3 time points post infection (14, 24, and 36 dpi).
Table 2.
Log2 fold change and adjusted P-values (p<0.05) representing the most significantly induced and repressed (10 up- and 10 down-regulated) Arabidopsis genes at 14, 24 and 36 dpi.
Figure 5.
Validation of microarray expression data by relative quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).
Expression changes of 10 selected transcripts depicting similarities in expression patterns between the two technologies are shown. Signal intensities for each transcript were normalized with CBP20 for 14 dpi and Actin2 for 24 dpi. The x-axis represents validated genes at time points 14 and 24 dpi. The y-axis represents normalized fold-change expression values for each transcript. The error bars show standard deviation from 3 biological replicates.
Figure 6.
Gene tree heat map of differentially expressed core-cyclin genes in response to SACMV infection.
All listed Arabidopsis accession numbers refer to cyclin-related genes.
Figure 7.
Map of potential links between hormonal signals and cell cycle regulators.
Abbreviations: CK, cytokinin; E2F/DP, transcription factors; RBR, retinoblastoma-related protein; P, phospho-protein; CYC, cyclin; CDK, cyclindependent kinase; PP2A, phosphatase; SCR, SCARECROW; SHR, SHORT ROOT; SCF, SKP1+ CULLIN+F-box (SKP2); EBP1, plant homologue of epidermal growth factor-binding protein; SKP2, F-box protein; STM, SHOOT MERISTEMLESS; KRP, CDK inhibitor; CaM, calmodulin; CPK, calmodulin-like domain protein kinase; ABAP1, armadillo BTB Arabidopsis protein 1; TCP24, transcription factor; CDT1, DNA replication-licensing factor; ABP1, auxin binding protein 1; ANT, aintegumenta; ARGOS, auxin-regulated gene in organ size; AXR1, RUB1-activating enzyme; ABA, abscisic acid; GL2, GLABRA (root hair); GEM, GL2 expression regulator; ACS5, 1-aminocyclo-propane-1-carboxil acid synthase [72]. Stars depict SACMV-[ZA:99] involvement in hormone signals and cell cycle regulators. Red stars show up-regulation, while blue stars show down-regulation.
Table 3.
Identification of SACMV-induced log2-fold differentially expressed Arabidopsis host genes (p<0.05) showing similarities to Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) virus in N. benthamiana (Lozano-Durán et al, 2011).