Table 1.
Environmental characteristics of five natural secondary forest types.
Table 2.
Soil physical factors of five natural secondary forest types.
Table 3.
Soil chemical factors of five natural secondary forest types.
Figure 1.
Soil microbial biomass of five natural secondary forest types.
Soil (A) Cmic and (B) Nmic of each forest type. CP–Chinese pine, SO–Sharptooth oak, AP–Armand pine and WS–Wilson spruce. Values are means±SD and letters denote significant differences among forest types (P = 0.05).
Figure 2.
Soil basal respiration and metabolic quotient of five natural secondary forest types.
Soil (A) basal respiration and (B) metabolic quotient of each forest type. CP–Chinese pine, SO–Sharptooth oak, AP–Armand pine and WS–Wilson spruce. Values are means±SD and letters denote significant differences among forest types (P = 0.05).
Figure 3.
Biomass-relating ratios of five natural secondary forest types.
Soil (A) Cmic/Nmic, (B) Cmic/Corg and (C) Nmic/TN of each forest type. CP–Chinese pine, SO–Sharptooth oak, AP–Armand pine and WS–Wilson spruce. Values are means±SD and letters denote significant differences among forest types (P = 0.05).
Figure 4.
Soil enzyme activities of five natural secondary forest types.
Soil (A) invertase, (B) urease, (C) acid phosphatase and (D) calatase activities of each forest type. CP–Chinese pine, SO–Sharptooth oak, AP–Armand pine and WS–Wilson spruce. Values are means±SD and letters denote significant differences among forest types (P = 0.05).
Table 4.
Correlation coefficients (r) between soil microbial and physical-chemical factors.
Figure 5.
PCA-ordination biplot (PC1 vs PC2) of soil samples from five forest types and 25 soil microbial and physico-chemical factors.
BD–bulk density, WHC–water holding capacity, SOC–soil organic carbon, TN–total nitrogen, TP–total phosphorous, TK–total kalium, AP–available phosphorous, AK–available kalium, Cmic–microbial biomass carbon, BR–basal respiration, Nmic–microibal biomass nitrogen. I–Chinese pine, II–Sharptooth oak, III–Chinese pine+Sharptooth oak, IV–Armand pine, V–Wilson spruce.