Table 1.
Comparisons of Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Behavioural Characteristics of Non-offenders, Violent Offenders with ASPD−P, and Violent Offenders with ASPD+P.
Figure 1.
Performance of the three groups on the Probabilistic Response Reversal Task as indicated by the number of errors to criterion made in the acquisition and reversal phases of the pair 100–0 (left) and of the pair 80–20 (right).
Maximum errors = 40. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. ASPD–P = Antisocial Personality Disorder without Psychopathy; ASPD+P = Antisocial Personality Disorder with Psychopathy.
Figure 2.
Performance of the three groups on the CGT as indicated by the deliberation time by ratio (top left), quality of decision-making by ratio (top right), quality of decision-making by condition (bottom left), risk-taking by ratio (bottom right).
Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. ASPD–P = Antisocial Personality Disorder without Psychopathy; ASPD+P = Antisocial Personality Disorder with Psychopathy.
Figure 3.
Performance of the three groups on the Passive Avoidance Learning Task as indicated by the number of passive avoidance errors by block (top left), number of passive avoidance errors by punishment levels (top right), number of omission errors by block (bottom left), and number of omission errors by reward levels (bottom right).
Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. ASPD–P = Antisocial Personality Disorder without Psychopathy; ASPD+P = Antisocial Personality Disorder with Psychopathy.
Table 2.
Summary of Task Performance of Non-offenders, Violent Offenders with ASPD−P, and Violent Offenders with ASPD+P.