Figure 1.
A selection of the 24 different land uses represented in this study.
Apple orchard (A), almond orchard (B), young pine plantation (C), shrubby dry forest (D), medium density urban neighbourhood (E), mature, thinned pine plantation (F), shrub-dominated regrowth (G), tree-dominated regrowth (H), and low density urban neighbourhood (I).
Figure 2.
The difference between observed and expected values for each FD metric based on response traits.
Shown is the magnitude of the difference for each land-use aligned along the land-use intensity gradient. A black diamond indicates a significant difference (α = 0.05). A = FDw; B = FEve; C = FDiv; D = FDis.
Figure 3.
The difference between observed and expected values for each FD metric based on effect traits.
Shown is the magnitude of the difference for each land-use aligned along the land-use intensity gradient. A black diamond indicates a significant difference (α = 0.05). A = FDw; B = FEve; C = FDiv; D = FDis.
Figure 4.
Relations between SR and FD in each land use.
Shown are the results for FEve, FDiv and FDis for the entire bird community (A), insectivores (B), frugivores/granivores (C), nectarivores (D) and carnivores/omnivores (E).