Table 1.
Composition of the diets (as-fed basis).
Table 2.
Primers and PCR conditions used for the detection of target genes in laying hens digesta, blood, tissues, and eggs samples.
Table 3.
Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed diets containing control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC) for 16 weeks1.
Figure 1.
Fragmentation of DNA from control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC).
(a) The endogenous gene (226 bp) of corn for ivr (left), (b) The exogenous gene (678 bp) of PTC for phyA2 (right). Arrows indicate the expected length of PCR products. M = marker; Lanes 1 = CC; lanes 2 = PTC; Lanes 3 = CC diet; lanes 4 = PTC diet; − = negative control (no DNA).
Figure 2.
The PCR products from the gastrointestinal contents of laying hens fed diets containing control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC) for 16 weeks.
(a) The endogenous gene (226 bp) of corn for ivr (left), (b) The exogenous gene (678 bp) of PTC for phyA2 (right). Arrows indicate the expected length of PCR products. M = marker; lanes 1 to 8 CC-fed laying hens (control); lanes 9 to 16 = PTC-fed laying hens; + = positive (GM corn), and − = negative control (no DNA). C = crop contents, G = gizzard contents, D = duodenal contents, J = jejunum contents, I = ileum contents, CE = cecal contents, and R = rectal contents.
Table 4.
Detection of endogenous maize, poultry specific genes and transgenic phyA2 gene in digesta samples of laying hen fed diets containing control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC) for 16 weeks1.
Table 5.
Detection of the transgenic phyA2 gene in corn, diet, digesta, tissues, blood, and eggs of laying hens fed diets containing control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC) for 16 weeks1.
Figure 3.
The PCR products from the tissues of laying hens fed diets containing control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC) for 16 weeks.
(a) The endogenous gene (396 bp) of poultry for ov (left), (b) The exogenous gene (678 bp) of PTC for phyA2 (right). Arrows indicate the expected length of PCR products. M = marker; Lanes 1∼6 = blood, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, breast muscle of CC-fed laying hens (control); lanes 7∼12 = blood, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, breast muscle of PTC-fed laying hens; − = negative control (no DNA).
Figure 4.
The PCR products from the egg contents of laying hens fed diets containing control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC) for 16 weeks.
(a) The endogenous gene (396 bp) of poultry for ov (left), (b) The exogenous gene (678 bp) of PTC for phyA2 (right). Arrows indicate the expected length of PCR products. M = marker; lanes 1 = CC-fed laying hens (control); lanes 2 = PTC-fed laying hens; + = positive (GM corn), and − = negative control (no DNA).
Figure 5.
Western blot identification of phyA2 protein in corns and diets.
Lane 1, control corn (CC); lane 2, phytase transgenic corn (PTC); lane 3, CC diet; lane 4, PTC diet.
Figure 6.
Western blot identification of phyA2 protein in gastrointestinal digesta of laying hens fed diet phytase transgenic corn for 16 weeks.
“+” Positive control (GM corn); lane 1, crop contents; lane 2, gizzard contents; lane 3, duodenal contents; lane 4, jejunum contents; lane 5, ileum contents; lane 6, cecal contents; lane 7, rectal contents.
Table 6.
Western blot detection of the phyA2 protein in corn, diet, digesta, blood, tissues, and eggs of laying hens fed diets containing control corn (CC) and phytase transgenic corn (PTC) for 16 weeks1.
Figure 7.
Western blot identification of phyA2 protein in tissues of laying hens fed diets containing phytase transgenic corn for 16 weeks.
“+” Positive control (GM corn); non-transgenic group: lane 1, blood; lane 3, heart; lane 5, liver; lane 7, spleen; lane 9, kidney; lane 11, breast muscle. Transgenic group: lane 2, blood; lane 4, heart; lane 6, liver; lane 8, spleen; lane 10, kidney; lane 12, breast muscle.
Figure 8.
Western blot identification of phyA2 protein in eggs of laying hens fed diet containing phytase transgenic corn for 16 weeks.
“+” Positive control (GM corn); lane 1, non-transgenic group; lane 2, transgenic group.