Figure 1.
Cafeteria-fed rats consumed more food and energy, and weighed more than chow-fed rats.
Mean (±SEM) weekly 24 hr food intake in grams (left), energy intake in kilojoules (middle), and weekly body weight (right), in rats fed either standard lab chow (open circles) or a cafeteria (closed squares) diet for 16 weeks. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (energy intake, n = 6 cages per group; body weight, n = 12).
Figure 2.
Cafeteria-fed rats persistently consumed more fat, even when adjusted for body weight.
Mean (±SEM) weekly macronutrient intake (protein, carbohydrate and fat) in kilojoules (panel A), and in kilojoules adjusted for body weight (panel B) in rats fed either standard lab chow (open circles) or a cafeteria (closed squares) diet for 16 weeks. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (n = 6 cages per group).
Figure 3.
Food selection during 24 hr energy intake measures in cafeteria-fed rats.
Proportion of each food type selected as a percentage of total intake (kJ), in cafeteria diet fed rats (chow, closed circles; meat pie, closed squares; high fat chow, closed triangles; dim sim, open circles; biscuit, open squares; lamington, open triangles). Data are shown as mean (±SEM) and were analyzed via repeated measures ANOVA (n = 6 cages per group).
Figure 4.
Cafeteria-fed rats consumed consistently fewer meals but more snacks early in diet exposure.
Mean (±SEM) number of meals (left), mean meal duration (middle), and mean inter-meal interval (right) per cage (panel A), and mean number of snacks (left), mean snack duration (middle), and mean inter-snack interval (right; panel B), during the dark phase (7 pm–7 am) at 5, 10, and 15 weeks of diet in chow (open circles) or cafeteria (closed squares) fed rats. Data were analyzed via repeated measures ANOVA (n = 6 cages per group).
Figure 5.
Cafeteria-fed rats spend more total time eating early but not later in diet exposure.
Mean (±SEM) total time spent eating during the dark phase (7 pm–7 am) in rats fed either standard lab chow (open circles) or a cafeteria (closed squares) diet at 5, 10, and 15 weeks. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (n = 6 cages per group).
Figure 6.
Cafeteria-fed rats are more likely to eat consecutive snacks between meals.
Mean relative frequency of different feeding sequences at 5 (left), 10 (middle) and 15 (right) weeks; panel A), S-S: snack followed by snack, S-M: snack followed by meal, M-S: meal followed by a snack, M-M: meal followed by a meal. Panel B shows mean (±SEM) intervals between elements of a sequence (e.g. the average interval between a snack followed by a snack) during the dark phase (7 pm–7 am) following 5 (left), 10 (middle), and 15 (right) weeks of diet, in chow (open bars) and cafeteria (closed bars) fed rats. Data were analyzed via the Chi-squared goodness of fit test (relative frequency of sequences) and repeated measures ANOVA (intervals within sequences).
Figure 7.
Percentage snacking at 5 weeks correlated with terminal body weights of cafeteria-fed rats.
Mean snack number plotted against mean percentage snacking (panel A), and terminal body weight plotted against mean percentage snacking (panel B) in chow (open circle) and cafeteria-fed (closed square) rats at 5 (left), 10 (middle) and 15 (right) weeks of diet. Outliers in the cafeteria-fed group (the three lightest rats in this group) were excluded from the analyses. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis.