Figure 1.
Gene Maps of the plastid chromosomes of C. deserticola.
Genes shown inside the circle are transcribed clockwise, those outside the circle are transcribed counterclockwise. The large single copy region (LSC) and the small single copy region (SSC) are separated by two inverted repeats (IRa and IRb). Asterisks indicate intron containing genes. Pseudogenes are marked by Ψ.
Table 1.
Gene contents of plastidome of Cistanche deserticola compared to Nicotiana tabacum and other parasitic plants (based on this research and previous reports [6], [9], [67]).
Table 2.
Global features of Cistanche deserticola plastidome compared to Nicotiana tabacum and other parasitic plants.
Figure 2.
Pairwise dN/dS value of C. deserticola (Cd), E. virginiana (Ev) and N. tabacum (Nt) vs. O. europaea (Oe) for all shared protein-coding genes.
*indicates gene lost, #indicates the absence of non synonymous substitutions, $indicates the absence of synonymous substitutions.
Figure 3.
Phylogenetic evidence for horizontal gene transfer of the plastid rpoC2 from Haloxylon ammodendron to Cistanche deserticola.
Lamiales are coloured in red, and Caryophyllales are coloured in blue. While the ten C. deserticola sequences involved in horizontal gene transfer are coloured in red. Numbers at nodes are posterior probabilities >0.60 and maximum likelihood bootstrap values >60. The Genebank number: Oryza nivara, NC_005973; Antirrhinum indicum, GQ997028; Sesamum indicum, NC_016433; Boea hygrometrica, NC_016468; Jasminum nudiflorum, NC_008407; Olea europaea, NC_013707; Basella alba, HQ843359; Opuntia microdasys, HQ843375; Pereskia aculeata, HQ843376; Portulaca oleracea, HQ843380; Mollugo verticillata, HQ843373; Bougainvillea glabra, HQ843360; Mirabilis jalapa, HQ843372; Phytolacca americana, HQ843378; Celosia cristata, HQ843361; Spinacia oleracea, NC_002202; Silene conica, NC_016729; Stellaria media, HQ843386; Cistanche deserticola (HGT), KC543998.
Figure 4.
Position of inserted cytosine within the transferred rpoC2 gene.
(A) Alignment of the nucleotide sequences of transferred rpoC2 gene amplified from parasite and host with intact open reading frames of other related species. The inserted cytosine was labeled with colored vertical lines. (B) Inserted cytosine resulted in followed premature termination codon in the transferred rpoC2 in Cistanche deserticola.