Table 1.
Criteria and definitions for study selection and data analysis.
Figure 1.
Flowchart of study selection.
Table 2.
Categories of vaccinations used and rationale for grouping.
Table 3.
Characteristics and findings of all studies included (n = 72).
Figure 2.
Forest plot for short-term response for vaccines from category A (tetanus, diphtheria, polio), B (hepatitis A and B), D (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitides), E (varicella, mumps, measles, rubella) and F (tick-borne encephalitis and rabies).
All article types are included. Numbers in brackets refer to legend in Table 3.
Figure 3.
Forest plot for short-term response for vaccine category C (influenza) against influenza H1N1.
All type of trials which assessed specific response to H1N1 are included. Numbers in brackets refer to legend in Table 3.
Figure 4.
Forest plot for short-term response for vaccine category C (influenza) against influenza H3N2.
All type of trials which assessed specific response to H3N2 are included. Numbers in brackets refer to legend in Table 3.
Figure 5.
Forest plot for short-term response for vaccine category C (influenza) against influenza B.
All type of trials which assessed specific response to B are included. Numbers in brackets refer to legend in Table 3.
Figure 6.
Meta-analysis for case-control studies using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed effects method (M–H) and the DerSimonian and Laird random effects (D+L) method for response to influenza H1N1.
Numbers in brackets refer to legend in Table 3.
Figure 7.
Meta-analysis for case-control studies using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed effects method (M–H) and the DerSimonian and Laird random effects (D+L) method for response to influenza H3N2.
Numbers in brackets refer to legend in Table 3.
Figure 8.
Meta-analysis for case-control studies using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed effects method (M–H) and the DerSimonian and Laird random effects (D+L) method for response to influenza B.
Numbers in brackets refer to legend in Table 3.
Figure 9.
Forest plot for studies investigating both short-term response (grey bars and numbers) and long-term response (black bars and numbers).