Figure 1.
Correlation between CES1 mRNA expression level and selected variables.
Correlation of CES1 mRNA level with body-mass index (BMI) (A, n = 204 twin subjects), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (B, n = 203 twin subjects), fasting plasma triglyceride levels (C, n = 205 twin subjects), and CES1P1 mRNA level (D, n = 147 twin subjects), respectively, are shown. Due to technical reasons the level of CES1P1 mRNA could not be determined in a relatively large subpopulation of the twin subjects (for explanation, see ”Materials and Methods“). CES1: Carboxylesterase 1 gene; CES1P1: carboxylesterase 1 pseudogene 1; TG: triglyceride. Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients and the corresponding P-values have been included.
Figure 2.
CES1 mRNA expression level in adipose tissue in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and impaired glucose regulation (IGR = IGT+T2DM). CES1: carboxylesterase 1 gene.
*P<0.05 compared to NGT after adjustment for age, gender, and body-mass index.
Table 1.
Effect of selected variables on CES1 mRNA expression level in adipose tissue.
Table 2.
Association between CES1 mRNA expression level in adipose tissue and measures of glucose and lipid metabolism.
Table 3.
Heritability of CES1 and CES1P1 mRNA expression levels in adipose tissue.
Table 4.
Association of CES1 gene copy number with measures of adiposity and metabolic regulation.