Table 1.
Patients characteristics.
Figure 1.
Proton NMR spectra and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis of blood serum samples.
Representative sections of proton NMR spectra at the diagnosis (red), remission (green) and prolonged remission (blue) of one multiple myeloma patient. (A) up-field region (0.75–4.25 ppm), (B) down-field region (5.1–8.9 ppm), 20 times increased intensity compared to (A). (C) Scores plot obtained from OSC-PLS-DA performed on the NMR spectra of 71 blood serum samples. Group A (solid red, 19 samples): patients at diagnosis; group B (solid green, 27 samples): patients after chemotherapy; group C1 (solid blue, 10 samples): sustained remission and group C2 (empty blue, 15 samples): in relapse after chemotherapy.
Figure 2.
Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis of NMR spectra acquired on blood serum samples.
Scores (A) and weights (on LV1; B) plots obtained from OSC-PLS-DA performed on the NMR spectra of 46 blood serum samples. Group A (solid red, 19 samples): patients at diagnosis; Group B (solid green, 27 samples): patients after chemotherapy. Lac: lactate; Cho: choline; Cre: creatinine; Suc: succinate; Ace: acetate; Ala: alanine; 3HB: 3-hydroxybutyrate; 2HB: 2-hydroxybutyrate.
Figure 3.
Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis of NMR spectra acquired on blood serum samples.
Scores (A) and weights (on LV1, B, and LV2, C) plots obtained from OSC-PLS-DA performed on the NMR spectra of 44 blood serum samples. Group A (solid red, 19 samples): patients at diagnosis; group C1 (solid blue, 10 samples): sustained remission and group C2 (empty blue, 15 samples): in relapse after chemotherapy. Cho: choline; Cre: creatinine; Pyr: pyruvate; Ala: alanine; 2HiB: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate; Lac: lactate; 2HB: 2-hydroxybutyrate. H-xan: hypoxantine; Glu: glutamate; Gln: glutamine; Ace: acetate.
Figure 4.
Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis of NMR spectra acquired on blood serum samples.
Scores (A) and weights (on LV1; B) plots obtained from OSC-PLS-DA performed on the NMR spectra of 52 blood serum samples. Group B (solid green, 27 samples): patients after chemotherapy; group C1 (solid blue, 10 samples): sustained remission; group C2 (empty blue, 15 samples): in relapse after chemotherapy. Lac: lactate; Gly: glycine; Tau: taurine; Cho: choline; Suc: succinate; Pyr: pyruvate; Ace: acetate; 2HiB: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate.
Figure 5.
Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis of NMR spectra acquired on blood serum samples.
Scores (A and B) and weights (on LV1; C and D) plots obtained from OSC-PLS-DA performed on the NMR spectra of 37 and 42 blood serum samples for the comparison of groups B versus C1 (A and C) and B versus C2 (B and D). Group B (solid green, 27 samples): patients after chemotherapy; group C1 (solid blue, 10 samples): sustained remission; group C2 (empty blue, 15 samples): in relapse after chemotherapy. Cho: choline; Suc: succinate; Pyr: pyruvate; Ace: acetate; 2HiB: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate; Car: carnitine; AcCar: acetylcarnitine.
Figure 6.
Blood serum concentration of acetylcarnitine and carnitine.
Blood serum concentration of acetylcarnitine (AcCAR) and carnitine (CAR) in MM patients at diagnosis, in remission and after relapse of active disease following chemotherapy. Data shown as mean ± s.e.m. Statistical significance calculated according to Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA (p<0.05).