Figure 1.
Micrographs of Gymnodinium eucyaneum.
Figs. A–E. Different cell shapes of the field samples. F Cells kept for 2∼4 weeks in the laboratory, showing that the chloroplast became smaller. G Ventral view showing the insertion of the flagella. H, J, K Ventral view showing the detail of the cingulum and sulcus. I Cysts each with a brownish accumulation of corpuscles. E: epicone; H: hypocone; N: nucleus; C: chloroplasts; CI: cingulum; S: sulcus; AC: accumulation of corpuscle. Scale bars: A–I = 10 μm; J–K = 2 μm.
Figure 2.
Absorption spectrum of phycocyanin extracted from Gymnodinium eucyaneum samples and a Chroomonas sp. strain.
Figure 3.
Bayesian phylogenetic tree constructed from the nuclear LSU rDNA sequences.
The numbers on the nodes represent the posterior probabilities (PP)/bootstrap support values (BP) produced by the Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood analyses. Values >0.50 for PP and >50 for BP are shown. The sequences obtained in our study are shaded in gray.
Figure 4.
Bayesian phylogenetic tree constructed from the nucleomorph SSU rDNA sequences.
The numbers on the nodes represent the posterior probabilities (PP)/bootstrap support values (BP) produced by the Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood analyses. Values >0.50 for PP and >50 for BP are shown. The sequences obtained in our study are shaded in gray.
Figure 5.
Bayesian phylogenetic tree constructed from the chloroplast 23S rDNA sequences.
The numbers on the nodes represent the posterior probabilities (PP)/bootstrap support values (BP) produce by the Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood analyses. Values >0.50 for PP and >50 for BP are shown. The sequences obtained in our study are shaded in gray.
Figure 6.
Drawings and photographs of Gymnodinium eucyaneum and G. acidotum.
The organisms shown in F–I were considered to be the same as G. eucyaneum in the present study.