Table 1.
Carcinoma diagnosis and treatment, and lymphedema characteristics in 40 patients.
Figure 1.
Contrast-enhanced 3D MRL image of calves.
Contrast-enhanced 3D frontal MR Lymphography, Maximum intensity projection image obtained 20 min after contrast injection of a 57-year-old woman with stage III left LEL and who underwent radical hysterectomy following adjuvant radiotherapy. Image shows numerous dilated lymph vessels with a beaded appearance in the left calf (small arrows). In the right normal calf, unaffected lymphatic vessels show an ill-defined intermittent outline (small arrows). The patterns of dermal back-flow showed an irregular patchy shaped high intensity area with blurred borders identified above the left ankle (star). The concomitantly enhanced vein shows a linear structure with lower signal intensity (large arrows).
Figure 2.
Contrast-enhanced 3D MRL image of the lower extremities.
Coronal 3D MR Lymphography image of the lower extremities obtained from 20 min to 23 min after subcutaneous injection of contrast material into a 74-year-old female who underwent abdominal hysterectomy for the treatment of endometrial carcinoma. Her left extremity became swollen one year following surgery. Several abnormal dilated lymph vessels are clearly delineated in the left calf, which extend to the inner thigh (small arrows). In the contralateral normal extremity, a few lymphatic vessels show a discontinuous outline with relatively low signal intensity (small arrows). The concomitantly enhanced vein shows a linear structure with lower signal intensity (large arrows).
Table 2.
The number and diameter of lymphatic vessels in patient with different stages.