Figure 1.
PCA to compare the metabolome of the control and TA-treated groups using GC-MS.
(A) Score plot of all samples from the control and TA-treated groups at 3, 6, and 12 h after TA addition; (B) Score plot for the control and TA-treated groups at 3 h after TA addition; (C and D) Score and loading plots for the control and TA-treated groups at 6 h after TA addition; (E and F) Scores and loading plots for the control and TA-treated groups at 12 h after TA addition. In the score plot, the confidence interval was defined using the Hotelling’s T2 ellipse (95% confidence interval). T3, T6, and T12 represent the samples at 3, 6, and 12 h after TA addition; C3, C6, and C12 represent the samples at the corresponding control group.
Figure 2.
Relative contents of differential metabolites for the control and TA-treated groups at 3, 6, and 12 h after TA addition.
*(P<0.05) and **(P<0.01). The relative contents of each metabolite were expressed as the ratio of its peak areas to that of the internal standard adonitol on the same chromatograph.
Figure 3.
Comparison of the differential metabolites in B. trispora using HCA between the control and TA-treated groups.
(A) Differential metabolites present at 6 h after TA addition; (B) Differential metabolites, including two unidentified metabolites, present at 12 h after TA addition. The Arabic numerals 1,2,3,4 are referring to the biological repeats in the same group.
Figure 4.
2-D maps of the colloidal Coomassie-stained proteins from B. trispora in the control
(A) or the TA-treated (B) cultures. The proteins were initially separated on an IPG strip (pH 5–8; 17 cm) followed by separation in the second dimension on a 10% gel. The proteins in the TA-treated group that exhibited a significant change in expression (≤0.5-fold or ≥1.5-fold, P<0.05) as compared with the control group are labeled in the figures.
Figure 5.
Expression patterns of several proteins at the protein and transcriptional levels.
(A) The detailed expression patterns of several spots in the control and TA-treated groups at 12 h after TA addition; (B) Time courses of the transcription of proteins in (A) between the control and TA-treated groups at 3, 6, and 12 h after TA addition;. *(P<0.05) and **(P<0.01). SSP 0015, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase; SSP 1012, cytochrome c oxidase, subunit Vb; SSP 3413, diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase; SSP 3714, aconitase/homoaconitase; SSP 5008, proteasome beta type 7; SSP 8402, adenylosuccinate synthetase.
Figure 6.
Scheme summarizing the responses to TA at the metabolic level in B. trispora.
The pink arrows indicate the speculative changes in metabolic flux after TA addition.