Figure 1.
Volume, Age, KPS GBM patient survival.
(A) Kaplan Meier analysis based on high versus low volumes of MRI T1 post-contrast images and (B) Kaplan Meier analysis based on high and low volumes of peritumoral MRI T2/FLAIR signal intensity. (C) Left panel: A segmented right temporal lobe glioblastoma is shown with volumes of necrosis (red), contrast enhancement (yellow) and edema/FLAIR (blue). (C) Right panel: Same patient as on left demonstrating how 2D measurements were performed. (D) Correlation of Total Tumor Volume and mean lesion diameter of the two largest orthogonal measures. Kaplan Meier survival analyses for (E) Age, (F) KPS and (G) Proportional Hazards Model for: Total Tumor Volume, Age, and KPS.
Table 1.
VAK classification system.
Table 2.
Gene and microRNA Ranking.
Figure 2.
(VAK) classification and phenotype. Volume, Age, KPS (VAK)-A and B classes showing (A) Kaplan Meier survival plot (B) representative MRI images for VAK-A and VAK-B patients and (C) Mean volume, Age, and KPS in VAK-A and VAK-B classes. (D) VAK-A and VAK-B survival validation in an independent patient set (N = 64) and (E) combination of the discovery and validation set (N = 142) for patient with full VAK annotaiton including the Proportional Hazards Model correcting for Age and KPS.
Figure 3.
VAK molecular characterization.
(A) TP53 activation and inhibition across VAK-A and VAK-B patient classes together with molecular regulatory networks of differentially regulated genes. (B) VAK-A and VAK-B classes with corresponding top differentially expressed genes- and microRNAs and (C) graphical representation of the prognostic cognate gene- and microRNA VAK-A and VAK-B networks consisting of a total of 25 molecules. (D) Kaplan Meier survival plot using the VAK-derived 25 gene- and microRNA signature in an independent TCGA validation set of 255 patients.
Figure 4.
Refined VAK classification with MGMT promoter methylation stratification, demonstrating the increased survival benefit for VAK-A with favorable MGMT status.