Figure 1.
Determination and quantification of DNA lesions after exposure to a solar simulator.
Treatment with the DNA repair enzymes T4-endo V (A) or Fpg (B). The number of DNA lesions induced by simulated sunlight in the absence (vehicle) or presence of five different commercially available SPF 30 sunscreens (C). FI (supercoiled plasmid DNA bands); FII (open-circular relaxed DNA bands); T4-endo V-SS (T4-endo V sensitive sites – CPDs); Fpg-SS (Fpg sensitive sites – oxidised DNA bases). The average and standard deviation from three independent experiments are shown. The experiments were performed in triplicate.
Table 1.
DNA photoprotection properties provided by five brands of SPF 30 sunscreens.
Figure 2.
DNA lesions induced by simulated sunlight in the absence (vehicle) or presence of 17 sunscreens.
T4-endo V-SS (T4-endo V sensitive sites – CPDs); Fpg-SS (Fpg sensitive sites – oxidised DNA bases). The average and standard deviation in three independent experiments are shown. The experiments were performed in triplicate.
Table 2.
DNA photoprotection properties provided by 17 different sunscreen formulations.
Figure 3.
Correlation between the percentages of DNA photoprotection and the labelled SPF values of 17 sunscreen formulations.
Table 3.
ANOVA and Tukey tests for efficacy discrimination of 17 different sunscreen formulations.
Figure 4.
Assessment of the genotoxic protection properties of sunscreens by DNA dosimetry.
Exposure of DNA dosimeters to a solar simulator for simultaneously evaluation of DNA photoprotection efficacy of several products containing sunscreen (A). The DNA dosimeter transmittance spectrum (B).