Figure 1.
Historical estimates of the value of honey bees to US agriculture.
1Includes both directly dependent crops (apples, almonds, cherries, oranges, squash, vegetable and legume seeds, etc.) and indirectly dependent crops (field crops and vegetables); 2present study.
Table 1.
General farm and US population data.
Table 2.
Hectares of Directly and Indirectly Dependent Crops.
Table 3.
Production of Directly and Indirectly Dependent Crops.
Figure 2.
Estimates for the US population.
Predicted values (pink) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation. Predicted – structural values (blue) are based solely on the structural elements of the model.
Figure 3.
Total hectares in farms in the United States.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model.
Figure 4.
Value of cropland (2009 USD/hectare) in the United States.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model.
Table 4.
Figure 5.
Number of hectares of directly dependent crops in the United States.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 6.
Hectares of directly dependent crops as a percentage of total hectares in farms.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Table 5.
Results of the analyses of aggregate data summed over all crops for each year.
Figure 7.
Number of hectares of indirectly dependent crops in the United States.
Predicted values (pink) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation. Predicted – structural values (blue) are based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Figure 8.
Hectares of indirectly dependent crops as a percentage of total hectares in farms.
Predicted values (pink) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation. Predicted – structural values (also blue) are based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Figure 9.
Total production (tonnes) of directly dependent crops.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 10.
Total production (tonnes) of indirectly dependent crops.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Figure 11.
Yield of directly dependent crops.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 12.
Yield of indirectly dependent crops.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Table 6.
Results of the analyses of aggregate data summed over all crops for each year.
Figure 13.
Hectares of directly dependent crops per person in the United States.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 14.
Tonnes of directly dependent crops per person in the United States.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 15.
Hectares of indirectly dependent crops per person in the United States.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Figure 16.
Tonnes of indirectly dependent crops per person in the United States.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Table 7.
Results of analyses of aggregate date summed over all crops for each year.
Figure 17.
Total value of directly dependent crops.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 18.
Total value of indirectly dependent crops.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DID = indirectly dependent.
Table 8.
Statistics for aggregate values from 1996–2009.
Figure 19.
Value of directly dependent crops attributed to insect pollination.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 20.
Value of indirectly dependent crops attributed to insect pollination.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Figure 21.
Value of directly dependent crops attributed to honey bees (A. mellifera).
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 22.
Value of indirectly dependent crops attributed to honey bees (A. mellifera).
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = directly dependent.
Table 9.
Statistics for aggregate values from 1996–2009.
Figure 23.
Value of indirectly dependent crops attributed to alfalfa leafcutter bees (M. rotundata).
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.
Figure 24.
Value of directly dependent crops attributed to other insects.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. DD = directly dependent.
Figure 25.
Value of indirectly dependent crops attributed to other insects.
Predicted values (blue) include adjustments for serial autocorrelation and are the same as the predicted – structural values (also blue) based solely on the structural elements of the model. ID = indirectly dependent.