Table 1.
Parameters definition and range of values.
Figure 1.
Distribution of the pathogen’s basic reproduction number (R0) for each of the six vector-borne diseases considered.
(A) Diseases with only human hosts: human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), dengue (DEN) and malaria (MAL). (B) Diseases with non-human hosts: Chagas disease (CD), Japanese encephalitis (JE), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Distributions were obtained from 10,000 simulations for each disease.
Figure 2.
Sensitivity of the basic reproduction number (R0) to vector’s demography and feeding rates, and to pathogen’s transmissibility and virulence.
All six vector-borne diseases appear on the same graph. Squares correspond to diseases with only human hosts: human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), dengue (DEN) and malaria (MAL). Circles correspond to diseases with non-human hosts: Chagas disease (CD), Japanese encephalitis (JE), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Larger symbols correspond to the key determinants of the variations of R0 (see main text for comments). Sensitivities were calculated from 10,000 simulations for each disease.
Figure 3.
Distribution of the prevalence of infectious and recovered humans when no immigrant vector is infectious ().
Black and grey bars give the prevalence of infectious () and recovered (
) humans, respectively. Numbers above bars give (if any) the percentage of simulations leading to prevalence larger than 5%. Distributions were obtained from 10,000 simulations for each disease.
Figure 4.
Distribution of the prevalence of infected and recovered humans when some immigrant vectors are infectious ().
Black and grey bars give the prevalence of infectious () and recovered (
) humans, respectively. Numbers above bars give (if any) the percentage of simulations leading to prevalence larger than 5%. Distributions were obtained from 10,000 simulations for each disease.
Figure 5.
Sensitivity of the prevalence of infectious () and ‘recovered’ (
) humans to vector’s demography and feeding rates, and to the pathogen’s transmission and within-host dynamics.
(A) No immigrant vector is infectious (). (B) Some immigrant vectors are infectious (
). All six vector-borne diseases appear on each of the two graphs. Squares and diamonds correspond to the prevalence of infectious and recovered humans, respectively, for diseases with only human hosts: human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), dengue (DEN) and malaria (MAL). Circles and triangles correspond to the prevalence of infectious and recovered humans, respectively, for diseases with non-human hosts: Chagas disease (CD), Japanese encephalitis (JE), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Larger symbols correspond to the key determinants of the variations of prevalence in humans (see main text for comments). Sensitivities were calculated from 10,000 simulations for each disease.