Table 1.
Summary of the epidemiological characteristics of studied individuals enrolled in this work.
Figure 1.
HLA allele frequencies in individuals naturally exposed to malaria from the Rondonia state.
HLA-DQB1* (a) and HLA-DRB1* (b) allele frequencies (%) in 276 individuals naturally exposed to malaria from the Rondonia state enrolled in our study. HLA-DQB1*03 and HLA-DRB1*04 present significantly higher frequencies when compared with all other groups observed (P<0,05 and P<0,01 respectively). Others: DRB1*09, DRB1*10, DRB1*12. The high resolution allele frequency distribution among the 91 HLA-DRB1*04 carriers from our studied area (c) also show a large variety of alleles, with a marked predominance of HLA-DRB1*04∶11 (28%) over the others (P<0.05).
Figure 2.
Frequency of IgG responders to PvMSP-1, PvMSP-3 and PvMSP-9.
Frequency of IgG responders to five recombinant proteins representing different regions of PvMSP-3α, three recombinant proteins representing PvMSP-9 and PvMSP-119 in the studied population. Chi squared test for proportions analyses were performed to determine statistical differences. # The frequency of IgG responders to PvMSP3-FL was significantly higher when compared with all others PvMSP-3α recombinants (P<0.05) * The frequency to PvMSP3-NT was the lowest when compared with all others (P<0.01), and the frequencies to PvMSP9-RIRII were higher (P<0,01) when compared with other PvMSP-9 recombinants.
Figure 3.
Frequency (%) of responders to PvMSP9 and PvMSP-3 recombinant proteins by HLA-DRB1*04 alleles.
Frequency (%) of responders to PvMSP9 and PvMSP-3 recombinant proteins by HLA-DRB1*04 alleles. The frequencies of responders were not associated to a particular HLA-DRB1*04 allelic group by the bipartition χ2 test (p>0.05). * “Others" category groups individuals with HLA-DRB1*04 less frequent alleles.
Table 2.
Frequency (F) and number (n) of IgG responders and non-responders to the PvMSP-3α recombinant proteins tested by HLA-DRB1* and HLA-DQB1*allelic groups from malaria naturally exposed individuals.
Table 3.
Frequency (F) and number (n) of IgG responders and non-responders to the PvMSP-9 and PvMSP-1 recombinant proteins tested by HLA-DRB1* and HLA-DQB1*allelic groups from malaria naturally exposed individuals.
Table 4.
Summary of associations between HLA-DRB1* allelic groups and the frequency of responders to PvMSP-1, PvMSP-3α and PvMSP-9 calculated by the bi-partition X2 test.