Table 1.
Description of the Drosophila lines with their respective Wolbachia strain, and the L. boulardi lines.
Figure 1.
Temporal sequence of the Drosophila-parasitoid interaction and key life-history traits.
Drosophila natural mortality (not due to parasitism) was assumed to occur early, before introduction of the parasitoid. (Sdc): mean Drosophila survival in control vials, (PRi): parasitism rate in vial i, (SERi): successful encapsulation rate in i, (PSi): parasitoid developmental success in i, (Ncapi): number of flies with successful encapsulation in i and (Npi): number of emerging parasitoids in i.
Table 2.
Analysis of variance of life-history traits of the host-parasitoid interaction in experiment 1.
Figure 2.
Fitness-related traits in experiment 1.
(A) Successful encapsulation rate; (B) Parasitism rate; (C) Parasitoid developmental success ; (−) not infected; (+) infected; (Wol) Wolbachia. White and grey: virus-free and virus-infected parasitoids respectively. Bars are standard errors.
Figure 3.
Overall fitness of parasitoids and Drosophila hosts in experiment 1.
(A) Number of parasitoid offspring ; (B) Drosophila relative survival; (−) not infected; (+) infected; (Wol) Wolbachia. White and grey: virus-free and virus-infected parasitoids respectively. Bars are standard errors.
Figure 4.
Encapsulation rates in cured DSR flies in experiment 2.
Top: experiment 2.1 (low larval density). Bottom: experiment 2.2 (high larval density). (A & B) Larval encapsulation rate. (C & D) Successful encapsulation rate with “n” giving the number of dissected larvae. White and grey: virus-free and virus-infected parasitoids respectively. Bars are standard errors.
Table 3.
Analysis of the larval encapsulation rate in cured DSR flies in experiments 2.1 (low larval density) and 2.2 (high larval density).