Table 1.
Grape ALDH genes and superfamilies.
Table 2.
Number of ALDH family members identified in various organisms.
Figure 1.
Phylogenetic analysis of grape and other plant ALDHs.
Phylogenetic tree was constructed with ALDH protein sequences from V. vinifera (Vv), Z. mays (Zm), O. sativa (Os), A. thaliana (Ath), P. patens (Pp), C. reinhardtii (Cr), and O. Tauri (Ot).
Figure 2.
Phylogenetic analysis (A) and exon-intron structures (B) of grape ALDH genes.
Numbers above or below branches of the tree indicate bootstrap values. Only coding exons, represented by black or red boxes, were drawn to scale. Dashed lines connecting two exons represent introns. Exons with different structures among the ALDH genes in same families were marked in red.
Figure 3.
Distribution and synteny of ALDH genes on grape chromosomes.
Chromosomes 1–19 (chr1–19) are depicted as horizontal gray bars. ALDH genes are indicated by vertical orange lines. Colored bars denote syntenic regions of the grape genome; the twisted colored bar indicates that the syntenic regions are in reverse orientation. VvALDH6B7, which is not assigned to any known chromosomes, is not shown.
Figure 4.
Synteny analysis of ALDH genes between grape and Arabidopsis.
Grape and Arabidopsis chromosomes are depicted as horizontal gray and blue bars, respectively. Grape and Arabidopsis ALDH genes are indicated by vertical orange and blue lines, respectively. Colored bars denote syntenic regions between grape and Arabidopsis chromosomes; the twisted colored bar indicates that the syntenic regions are in reverse orientation.
Figure 5.
Hierarchical clustering of ALDH genes.
Details of the experimental conditions are provided in Table S1. Log2 based fold changes was used to create the heatmap. Differences in gene expression changes are shown in color as per the lower scale.