Table 1.
Mapped candidate genes for the differences in diurnal (and lunar) emergence times between strains of C. marinus and their known functions in other organisms.
Figure 1.
Male- and female-informative linkage map of the Clunio marinus genome.
There are three linkage groups corresponding to the three chromosomes. Map length is in centimorgan (cM). Anchor loci (“A…”), light receptor and clock gene loci connect the two maps. The QTL for the differences in diurnal emergence time are shaded in light grey, the QTL for differences in lunar emergence time are shaded in dark grey.
Figure 2.
Lunar and diurnal emergence patterns of the parental strains (A, B), the F1 hybrids (C), and the BC family Jean×(Jean×Por)-5 (D) in the crossing experiment as reported previously
[12]. The lunar rhythm is plotted as the fraction of individuals that emerged during each day of the artificial moonlight cycle. Arrows mark the days with artificial moonlight. Data of two lunar cycles are added up. The diurnal rhythm is plotted as the fraction of individuals emerging in 30 minute intervals across the artificial LD cycle. The shaded area indicates the dark phase. Individuals with imprecise diurnal emergence times (see methods) are not included in this graph.
Table 2.
Phenotypic data for the parental, the F1 and the BC generations.
Figure 3.
Composite interval map for differences in diurnal emergence time (A) and differences in lunar emergence time (B).
The upper panel gives the likelihood ratio. The significance threshold (dashed line) was determined by bootstrapping (1000 replications). The diamond is the estimated QTL location, the black bar represents the one LOD score confidence interval. The middle panel gives the proportion of variance explained by the QTL (r2). The lower panel gives the estimated additive effects (a) in hours for diurnal emergence time and in days for lunar emergence time.
Figure 4.
Distribution of p values of the expected correlation of lunar and diurnal emergence times as obtained in a re-sampling procedure based on the genetic architecture revealed by QTL mapping.
The shaded bars give the fraction of non-significant p values. The arrow marks the p value of the observed BC distribution.
Table 3.
Genetic differentiation of the linkage groups (LG) in samples from five regions (R) and ten subpopulations (S) all over Europe.