Table 1.
Characterization of V. cholerae O1 isolates used in this study.
Figure 1.
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns among 343 Thai V. cholerae O1 isolates.
PFGE banding patterns were analyzed with computer software, BioNumerics version 6.1 and a dendrogram was produced using the Dice coefficient and UPGMA algorithm. V. cholerae O1 isolate pulsotypes of the El Tor variant were categorized into groups A and B, with an overall similarity of 88%.
Table 2.
Ribotyping and virulence-related gene analyses of arbitrarily selected V. cholerae O1 isolates from each PFGE pulsotype.
Figure 2.
Dendrogram showing genetic similarity between 343 isolates of V. cholerae O1 derived from MLVA.
Sequence data of repeats on the five loci for each isolate were counted and imported into BioNumerics software version 6.1. Clustering analysis was performed using the unweighted pair group with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) with a categorical similarity coefficient. V. cholerae O1 isolate MLVA types of the El Tor variant were grouped into 2 major clusters, I and II.
Figure 3.
Distribution of major MLVA types of V. cholerae O1 isolates during the 2007–2010 cholera outbreaks in Thailand.
The distribution percentage of predominant MLVA type (s) is displayed in relatively scaled pie charts. The size of each chart and the number in parentheses indicate the ratio of each major MLVA type (corresponding to Table 3) to the other types. The color of each slice indicates the year of isolation: 2007 (orange), 2008 (gray), 2009 (light blue), and 2010 (green). The color of the circle band denotes serotype: Ogawa (black) and Inaba (blue).
Table 3.
MLVA types and pulsotypes of V. cholerae O1 isolates in different province of Thailand over time.