Figure 1.
Schematic diagram of single trials in Experiment 1 for the detection task (top panel) and the discrimination task (bottom panel).
Figure 2.
a) Example of a single trial in Experiment 3; b) Example of vertically oriented wrench display; c) Horizontally oriented wrench display; d) Intact wrench end; e) Wrench end with gap; and f) Bent wrench end.
Figure 3.
Mean error rates for the detection (left) and discrimination (right) tasks in Experiment 1.
Error bars depict standard errors. Note that the ordinate differs in the two figures.
Figure 4.
Mean reaction times (RT) for the detection (left) and discrimination (right) tasks in Experiment 1.
Error bars depict standard errors. Note that the ordinate differs in the two figures.
Table 1.
Mean space-based RT cueing effects (msec) in Experiment 1.
Table 2.
Mean object-based RT cueing effects (msec) in Experiment 1.
Figure 5.
Spaced-based cueing effects (i.e., the difference between Valid and Invalid trials) and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 1 for both vertical and horizontal objects in the discrimination task.
Significant cueing effects are denoted by filled circles. The circles on the right side of the zero difference line denote a positive difference, which is in the direction predicted by theories of space-based attention.
Figure 6.
Object-based cueing effects (i.e., the difference between Invalid-same and Invalid-different trials) and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 1 for horizontal (left) and vertical (right) objects in the discrimination task.
Significant cueing effects are denoted by filled circles. The circles on the right side of the zero difference line denote a positive difference, which is in the direction predicted by theories of object-based attention.
Figure 7.
Space-based cueing effects as the difference between Invalid-same and Valid trials) and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 1 for both vertical and horizontal objects in the discrimination task.
The labeling conventions are the same as in Figure 5.
Figure 8.
Spaced-based cueing effects (i.e., the difference between Valid and Invalid trials) and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 1 for horizontal and vertical objects in the detection task.
The labeling conventions are the same as in Figure 5.
Figure 9.
Object-based cueing effects (i.e., the difference between Invalid-same and Invalid-different trials) and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 1 for horizontal (left) and vertical (right) objects in the detection task.
The labeling conventions are the same as those in Figure 6.
Figure 10.
Space-based cueing effects as the difference between Invalid-same and Valid trials) and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 1 for both vertical and horizontal objects in the detection task.
The labeling conventions are the same as in Figure 5.
Table 3.
Results of resampling of groups of subjects ().
Figure 11.
Mean error rate (top) and RTs (bottom) measured in Experiment 2 with horizontal and vertical rectangles.
Error bars depict standard error.
Table 4.
Mean RT cueing effects (msec) measured in Experiment 2.
Figure 12.
Distribution of mean differences between Validly-cued and Invalidly-cued trials and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 2.
Positive values are consistent with effects predicted by theories of space-based attention. Significant differences are denoted by filled circles; non-significant differences are shown with white circles.
Figure 13.
Distribution of mean differences between Invalid-different and Invalid-same trials and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 2 for horizontal rectangles (left) and vertical rectangles (right).
Positive values are consistent with effects predicted by theories of object-based attention. Significant differences are denoted by filled circles; non-significant differences are shown with white circles.
Figure 14.
Mean error rate (top) and RTs (bottom) measured in Experiment 3 with horizontal and vertical rectangles.
Error bars depict standard error.
Figure 15.
Distribution of mean differences between same-object and different-object trials, and 95% confidence intervals for each subject in Experiment 3.
The difference between the two object conditions is significant if the 95% confidence interval does not include the value of 0. Significant differences are denoted by filled circles; non-significant differences are shown with white circles. The circles on the right side of the figure denote a positive difference, which is the opposite direction predicted by theories of object-based attention.