Figure 1.
Performances of the two-way minimization using different values, under a smaller sample size of
(left panels, A∼D: the average effect of the prognostic factors is smaller,
; right panels, E∼H: the average effect of the prognostic factors is larger,
; solid circle: with three binary prognostic factors; hollow circle: with six binary prognostic factors; cross: with three polytomous prognostic factors.
Figure 2.
Performances of the two-way minimization using different values, under a larger sample size of
(left panels, A∼D: the average effect of the prognostic factors is smaller,
; right panels, E∼H: the average effect of the prognostic factors is larger,
; solid circle: with three binary prognostic factors; hollow circle: with six binary prognostic factors; cross: with three polytomous prognostic factors.
Table 1.
Biases and variances for the two-way minimization with .
Table 2.
Type I error rates and powers at a significance level of 0.05 for the two-way minimization with .
Figure 3.
Performances of the two-way minimization with (red star), as compared to those of the simple randomization (black square), the block randomization with block size = 4 (orange cross), the stratified randomization with block size = 4 (green triangle), the deterministic minimization (purple rhombus), and the biased coin minimization with coin probability = 0.7 (blue circle), under a smaller sample size of
(left panels, A∼D: with three binary prognostic factors; middle panels, E∼H: with six binary prognostic factors; right panels, I∼L: with three polytomous prognostic factors).
The treatment effect is set at 1.0.
Figure 4.
Performances of the two-way minimization with (red star), as compared to those of the simple randomization (black square), the block randomization with block size = 4 (orange cross), the stratified randomization with block size = 4 (green triangle), the deterministic minimization (purple rhombus), and the biased coin minimization with coin probability = 0.7 (blue circle), under a larger sample size of
(left panels, A∼D: with three binary prognostic factors; middle panels, E∼H: with six binary prognostic factors; right panels, I∼L: with three polytomous prognostic factors).
The treatment effect is set at 1.0.