Figure 1.
Example of the policy actor template.
In the actor template the policy process flow is from left to right and this is mirrored by the policy domains of actors from international on the left through to local actors on the right. The rows aggregate actors on the basis of the categories described in table 1.
Figure 2.
Example of the policy instrument template.
In the instrument template the policy process flows from left to right as international objectives are interpreted, transposed and implemented across the policy domains described in the columns. The six categories of policy instruments are aggregated in rows. These instrument categories are: General-water/marine specific; General-linked to directive; Environmental and biota related; fisheries; pollution-source/sink and planning.
Table 1.
Categories of policy actors.
Table 2.
Definitions of policy actor and policy instrument domains.
Table 3.
Summary results of policy actors for the three case studies.
Table 4.
Summary results for the policy instruments for the three case studies.
Figure 3.
Timeline for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
The timeline of implementation is established for all EU member states within the MSFD. If an ecosystem-based approach had been adopted from when the directive passed in to law in 2008, then the proposed public consultation i.e. stakeholder engagement, would have been applied in 2008 instead of the current plan to commence this process in 2012. The dotted box and arrow reflects the move of public consultation to 2008.