Figure 1.
An evolutionary view of cancer reveals that therapy selects for resistant cells among an initially heterogeneous population. When the patient relapses, the tumor is composed of a new diverse population of resistant cells generated by further genetic alterations.
Table 1.
Papers coded for evolutionary terms and methods in study 2.
Figure 2.
Use of evolution terms in relapse literature.
Proportion of abstracts on therapeutic resistance/relapse using each evolution term in 6,228 PubMed abstracts going back to 1915.
Figure 3.
Proportion of abstracts each year on therapeutic resistance/relapse using at least one evolution term out of 6,228 PubMed abstracts going back to 1915 (there was no use of evolution terms before 1983).
Table 2.
Journals in which evolution terms appeared in at least two abstracts.
Figure 4.
Number of papers using each explanation for resistance out of 22 coded papers.
Figure 5.
Measurement of heterogeneity in recent articles.
Numbers of papers measuring each type of heterogeneity out of 22 coded articles. Only 2 of 22 papers measured epigenetic or genetic within-tumor heterogeneity.