Figure 1.
Fourier transformation of Drosophila eye optical images confirms lack of order in ommatidial arrangement in frizzled mutants.
Optical images of the Drosophila eyes of the wild-type (A) and frizzled mutant (B) genotype were detected with a digital optical microscope. Fourier-transformation of the images confirms order in ommatidial arrangement in wild-type (C), but not mutant (D) eyes.
Figure 2.
Diffraction patterns of Drosophila cornea confirm lack of order in ommatidial arrangement in frizzled mutants.
Corneal preparations from wild-type (A) and frizzled mutant (B) eyes were irradiated with a laser beam of 630 nm to collect diffraction patterns.
Figure 3.
Fine structure AFM images of Drosophila ommatidial surface reveal irregularities in the lens material deposition in frizzled mutants.
Corneal surface of the wild-type (A, B) and frizzled mutant (C, D) eyes was analyzed at high resolution with AFM. Field of view is 10×10 µm. Arrows indicate intercalations of the lens material between ommatidial lens borders in the frizzled mutant (C, D). (A, C) represent top views, while (B, D) are their three-dimensional representations.
Figure 4.
High-resolution analysis of the Drosophila nipple arrays.
Corneal surface of the wild-type (A) and frizzled mutant (D) eyes was analyzed at high resolution with AFM. Field of view is 3×3 µm. Fourier transform spectra of the AFM images are shown as inserts in (A, D). (B, E) are cross-sectional profiles of representative scans of wild-type (B) and frizzled mutant (E) cornea of ca. 8 µm length. Blue lines in (B, E) are smoothing curves of the height recording curves depicted with the red lines. (C, F) are representative cross-sectional 4 µm-long profiles of flat areas of wild-type (C) and frizzled mutant (F) cornea such as those on (A, D).
Figure 5.
Overexpression of Wg leads to a dramatic loss of nipple arrays, correlating with the glossy eye phenotype.
Three-dimensional AFM representation of nipple arrays of wild-type flies (A) and the GMR-Gal4; UAS-Wg flies overexpressing Wg in postmitotic eye cells (B). A catastrophic loss of nipples is observed upon Wg overexpression, with few remaining nipples randomly spaced with huge gaps between them. This loss of nipples correlates with the overall glossy appearance of the mutant eyes (B, insert), as opposed to the wild-type eyes (A, insert). The eye size in GMR-Gal4; UAS-Wg flies is also reduced due to photoreceptor loss. A light microscope was used to take images of the whole eyes shown in inserts.