Figure 1.
Seed dispersal kernels for C. nutans grown in ambient and warmed conditions.
The bands (grey for ambient; pink for warmed) illustrate the standard deviations based on bootstrapped plant height from the experiment, while the lines represent the mean of the bootstrapped curves (see Text S1).
Figure 2.
Visualizations of invasion waves in 20 years based on two random simulations.
A) Ambient condition. B) Warmed condition. Note that the front of the wave converged to a constant speed and shape after a few years.
Figure 3.
Changes in demographic and dispersal-related traits and their contributions to increased spread rate.
A) Mean percentage changes in demographic and dispersal- related traits. B) Their corresponding contributions to increased spread rate. Warming induced changes in fall seedling emergence, survival, capitulum production, and flowering plant height: W and in red. Mean percentage change in seed number per capitulum due to increased winter precipitation: P and in blue. Solid: demographic vital rates. Hatched: dispersal-related traits.