Figure 1.
A. Equal headways lead to shorter passenger waiting times at stations. B. Unequal headways lead to longer waiting times because there is a higher probability of passenger arrival within longer headways.
Figure 2.
Flow diagram of self-organizing method (SO ).
Figure 3.
Results for homogeneous scenario.
A. Passenger delays for methods: “default” (DF), “max” (MX), and “self-organizing” (SO), for different passenger demands (lower means higher demand). Lower boxes at each column show waiting times at stations. Higher boxes show total waiting times. B. Headway standard deviations. Lower
implies more regular headways. DF shows unstable headways, MX equal headways (except for
), and SO adaptive headways. Notice logarithmic scale.
Figure 4.
Results for non-homogeneous scenario.
A. Passenger delays for methods: “default” (DF), “max” (MX), and “self-organizing” (SO), for different passenger inflow intervals . Lower boxes, slightly shifted to the right, at each column show waiting times at stations. Higher boxes show total waiting times. B. Headway standard deviations. Lower
implies more regular headways. Notice logarithmic scale.