Figure 1.
Iso-concentration lines of predicted total Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in topsoils from Metaleurop-impacted area.
Concentrations are expressed as µg.g−1 DW.
Table 1.
Total and CaCl2-extractable trace metal concentrations in soils of woody habitats from Metaleurop-impacted area.
Table 2.
Distribution of specimens by species, age and landscape and percentage of capture for small mammals.
Table 3.
Trace metal concentrations measured in snails (soft body) and small mammals (liver) from Metaleurop-impacted area.
Figure 2.
Relationships between Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in organisms and in soils.
TM concentrations in the soft body for snails ([C]B) and in the liver for small mammals ([C]L), total TM concentrations measured in soil at the sampling point ([C]s) (µg.g−1 DW). Statistical significance: general linear model, Ns for p>0.05, * for p<0.05, ** for p<0.01, *** for p<0.001, R2: R-squared value of the model.
Table 4.
Multiple and partial R-squared for significant parameters of models linking internal TMs with studied variables.
Table 5.
Regressions between TM concentrations in animals and in soils (total and CaCl2-extractable) at sampling location.
Figure 3.
Relationships between TM concentrations in organisms (normalized to age) and in soils by landscape type.
TM concentrations in the soft body for snails ([C]B) and in the liver for small mammals ([C]L) normalized to age (except for O. draparnaudi) and total TM concentrations measured in soil at the sampling point ([C]soil) (µg.g−1 DW). Points are coloured according to the type of landscape where animals were captured (agricultural lands: orange, urban areas: black, shrublands: red, woodlands: green). Significant regressions (p<0.05) are plotted with coloured lines that correspond to the landscape of concern, and black dashed lines symbolise the regression for the whole dataset including all landscape types.
Table 6.
Parameters of significant regressions between TM concentrations in animals and in soils (total at sampling point) by landscape.
Figure 4.
R2 values of regressions between TMs in small mammals and in soils at several buffer sizes.
Partial R2 values for soil Cd and Pb concentrations in significant regressions between TM concentrations (normalized to age) in small mammals and total soil TM concentrations using measured values at the sampling point (×) and predicted values at several buffer sizes (⋄) in agricultural lands, urban areas and woodlands.
Figure 5.
R2 values of regressions between TMs in snails and in soils at several buffer sizes.
Partial R2 values for soil Cd and Pb concentrations in significant regressions between TM concentrations in snails (normalized to age for Cepaea) and soil TM concentrations using measured values at the sampling point (×) and predicted values at several buffer sizes (⋄) in urban areas and woodlands.
Figure 6.
Summary and overall interpretation of the data with the example of Pb in small mammals.
The data concerning Pb in the bank vole and in the greater white-toothed shrew is summarised, thus illustrating our overall interpretation of the data. Data concerning metal accumulation are R2 values and slopes of the regressions between Pb concentrations in the liver (normalized to age) and total Pb concentrations in soil measured at the sampling point in addition to patterns of evolution of the R2 values with buffer size. Maps of landscapes are based upon observed situations within the study area. Maps of suitable habitats for each species are hypothesized on the basis of habitat preferences described in the literature. Three patterns linking internal TM concentrations to soil TM concentrations have been uncovered, these patterns are named “Case 1, 2 and 3”.