Figure 1.
Aerial photograph of the investigated area and location of sampling units (Vallon de Roche-Noire, massif du Galibier, France).
The top-left inset shows slope aspect with a gray-colour palette indicating North/South exposure. Symbols correspond to the eleven habitat types. See Table 1 and Table S1 for the dominant plant species and the environmental characteristics of each habitat.
Table 1.
Dominant plant species in the eleven investigated habitats.
Figure 2.
Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of the vegetation-dissimilarity matrix and vector fitting of the environmental variables.
The variation explained by the axes is indicated. Gray arrows and black arrows represent non-significant and significant fittings, respectively (Bonferroni-corrected P<0.05). El: elevation; Arad: annual radiation; pH: soil pH; %SOM: % soil organic matter; LP: live phytomass.
Figure 3.
Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of crenarchaeal (a), bacterial (b) and fungal (c) dissimilarity matrices and vector fitting of the environmental variables.
Gray arrows and black arrows represent non-significant and significant fittings respectively (Bonferroni-corrected P<0.05). See Fig. 2 for abbreviations.
Figure 4.
Pure and combined effects of plant species composition (P), environmental variables (E) and geographic distances (S) on crenarchaeal (a), bacterial (b), and fungal (c) communities.
Values indicate the percentage of variance explained by each effect. The total percentage of variance explained by the model was: 42.0%, 51.4%, and 26.4% for Crenarchaeota, Bacteria, and Fungi, respectively. Significance of pure effect was tested using partial db-RDAs with 1000 Monte Carlo permutations and is indicated as in Table S2. Significance tests for combined effects are not available [59].