Figure 1.
Map of distribution ranges and samples.
The distribution area of the golden jackal in Africa and Eurasia is shaded dark grey. The samples analysed are shown as symbols: squares = C.a. lupaster and stars = C. aureus. The number next to the symbols equals the number of samples from each site. The approximate border of the distribution areas of C. lupus pallipes and C. lupus chanco are delineated by black and slashed lines respectively.
Table 1.
Accession number for sequences analyzed for each DNA fragment.
Figure 2.
Phylogenetic tree displaying the relationship among all wild wolf-like canids.
Phylogeny (Maximum Likelihood) of wolf-like canids based on 726 bp of the Cyt b gene. Bootstrap values (>50%) from 10,000 replicates are given next to the branches, NJ, ML. * This sequence of C. aureus which was published by Wayne et al. [1] consists of two fragments whereof the first (394 bp bp) show most resemblance to the side-striped jackal while the second (332 bp) differ by 6 point mutations compared to the Eurasian golden jackal.
Figure 3.
Phylogeny (NJ) based on 317 bp of the mtDNA D-loop region.
Bootstrap values (>50%) from 10,000 replicates are given next to the branches. The grey wolf species complex forms a monophyletic group (shaded in light grey), a subgroup consisting of four taxa representing the Holarctic wolf is shaded in dark grey.
Table 2.
Number of pairwise differences.