Figure 1.
Study design, methods, and outcomes.
Table 1.
Summary of the study subjects included in the study. *P<0.1; **P<0.05.
Table 2.
Summary of between-group lipid changes in the two studies (Lamin+ and Lamin−).
Figure 2.
Logistic regression model using only one lipid variable, TG(49∶3), moderately discriminates subjects at risk of DCM from the controls.
The model was trained using samples from Lamin+ study (LMNA mutation carriers and their controls) and applied to samples from Lamin− (DCM patients without LMNA mutation and their controls). (A) Parameter estimates, their standard errors and the z- and p-values of the estimates of the logistic regression model. Negative parameter estimate indicates that the risk of DCM increases with lowering concentrations of TG(49∶3). (B) Model performance and (C) and ROC curves in Lamin+ and Lamin− studies. Lower levels of TG(49∶3) do not depend on the lamin mutation (panel D) but are DCM specific (panel E).
Figure 3.
Associations between the lipid profiles and the MR image parameters.
(A) Heatmap of Pearson's correlations between the lipid profiles and the MR image parameters. (B) Partial correlation graph. An edge denotes partial correlation between the nodes it connects. Width of an edge is proportional to the inverse of the non-rejection rate [13], which indicates the confidence with which the hypothesis of null partial correlation is not rejected, that is, the chance of the edge not existing in the graph is the smaller the smaller the non-rejection rate is. A threshold of 0.53 was used for the non-rejection rate: edges with higher values were omitted from the graph.
Figure 4.
The effect of TG(49∶3) on the wall thickening and wall motion of left ventricle.
The difference in wall thickening in mm (Panel A) and wall motion in mm (Panel B) between the mean lipid value of Group 2 and the decreased lipid value. The blue color indicates the regions where the wall thickening/motion decreased when the TG(49∶3) value was decreased. Therefore, the decreased function in these regions is associated with the LMNA-related TG(49∶3) concentration change. Respectively, red color indicates the regions that showed increased wall thickening/motion related to the TG(49∶3) concentration decrease in LMNA mutation.