Table 1.
Characteristics of the Rice Group, the Both Group, and the Bread Group.
Figure 1.
Gray matter ratio of the rice group and the bread group.
The horizontal bars indicate gray matter mean ratio value in each group.
Table 2.
GMR and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of the Rice Group, the Both Group, and the Bread Group.
Figure 2.
Gray matter regions with significantly larger volumes in the rice group as compared with the bread group after adjusting for age, gender, socioeconomic status, average weekly frequency of eating breakfast, and number of side dishes eaten for breakfast.
Significant regions are superimposed onto a brain surface of a SPM template brain, as well as onto axial images of the mean normalized gray matter segments derived from all the subjects. The left side of the image represents the left side of the brain. Color scales indicate the t-score. The number at the bottom of the right side of each image indicates the value of the z-axis in the Talairach stereotaxic space.
Figure 3.
Gray matter regions with significantly larger volumes in the bread group as compared with in the rice group after adjusting for age, gender, socioeconomic status, average weekly frequency of having breakfast, and number of side dishes eaten for breakfast.
Details are the same as in Figure 2.
Figure 4.
White matter regions with significantly larger volumes in the bread vs. the rice group after adjusting for age, gender, socioeconomic status, average weekly frequency of having breakfast, and number of side dishes eaten for breakfast.
Color scales indicate t-scores.