Figure 1.
Bathymetric map of Saba Bank with fish stations marked.
Figure 2.
MDS ordination of fish-survey stations illustrates high similarity of assemblages within fore-reef sites and significant differences (ANOSIM, P<0.05) among habitats.
Figure 3.
Ginglymostoma cirratum, underwater photo by Juan Sanchez.
Figure 4.
Squalus cubensis, 475 mm TL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 5.
Enchelychore carychroa, 175 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 6.
Gymnothorax conspersus, 730 mm TL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 7.
Gymnothorax maderensis, 300 mm TL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 8.
Gymnothorax miliaris, 60.3 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 9.
Gymnothorax moringa, 189.8 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 10.
Gymnothorax polygonius, 810 mm TL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 11.
Gymnothorax vicinus, 48.2 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 12.
Monopenchelys acuta, 132.4 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 13.
Ahlia egmontis, 183.0 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 14.
Ahlia egmontis, 183.0 mm TL, close-up of head, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 15.
Aprognathodon platyventris, 149.2 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 16.
Aprognathodon platyventris, 149.2 mm TL, close-up of head, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 17.
Myrichthys ocellatus, 383 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 18.
Myrichthys ocellatus, 383 mm TL, close-up of head, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 19.
Kaupichthys hyoproroides, 79.4 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 20.
Kaupichthys nuchalisi, 61.6 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 21.
Moringua edwardsi, 258 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 22.
Synodus intermedius, 316 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 23.
Synodus synodus, 42.5 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 24.
Brotula barbata, 628 mm TL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 25.
Parophidion schmidti, 69.3 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 26.
Petrotyx sanguineus, 62.2 mm TL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 27.
Ogilbia sabaji, 27.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 28.
Antennarius pauciradiatus, 24.9 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 29.
Antennarius pauciradiatus, 24.9 mm SL, close-up of head, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 30.
Bryx randalli, 24.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 31.
Micrognathus crinitus, 102.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 32.
Micrognathus crinitus, 102.8 mm SL, close-up of head, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 33.
Holocentrus ascensionus, 195.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 34.
Holocentrus rufus, 153.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 35.
Myripristis jacobus, 114.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 36.
Neoniphon marianus, 98.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 37.
Plectrypops retrospinis, 71.5 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 38.
Sargocentron coruscum, juvenile, 31.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 39.
Sargocentron coruscum, 81.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 40.
Scorpaena albifimbria, 37.4 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 41.
Scorpaena grandicornis, 65.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 42.
Scorpaena inermis, 40.1 mm SL, red morph, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 43.
Scorpaena inermis, 65.9 mm SL, yellow morph, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 44.
Scorpaenodes caribbaeus, 30.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 45.
Symphysanodon berryi, top 75 mm SL, lower 63 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 46.
Alphestes afer, underwater photo by W Toller.
Figure 47.
Cephalopholis cruentata, 101.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 48.
Cephalopholis fulva, 121.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 49.
Epinephelus flavolimbatus, 652 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 50.
Epinephelus guttatus, 283.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 51.
Epinephelus niveatus, 526 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 52.
Hypoplectrus nigricans, 67.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 53.
Liopropoma rubre, 30.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 54.
Mycteroperca interstitialis, 328 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 55.
Paranthias furcifer, 148.4 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 56.
Pseudogramma gregoryi, 43.5 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 57.
Rypticus bistripinus, 46.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 58.
Rypticus saponaceus, 44.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 59.
Rypticus subbifrenatus, 54.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 60.
Serranus baldwini, 41.6 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 61.
Serranus notospilus, 150 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 62.
Serranus tigrinus, 71.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 63.
Serranus tortugarum, 51.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 64.
Gramma loreto, 38.4 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 65.
Opistognathus aurifrons, 44.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 66.
Opistognathus whitehursti, juvenile with large black spot in dorsal fin, 22.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 67.
Opistognathus whitehursti, adult, 44.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 68.
Priacanthus arenatus, 67.4 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 69.
Apogon maculatus, 21.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 70.
Apogon cf quadrisquamatus, 21.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams (this specimen represents a new undescribed species.
Figure 71.
Apogon robinsi, 35.5 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 72.
Apogon townsendi, 39.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 73.
Astrapogon puncticulatus, 40.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 74.
Phaeoptyx conklini, 40.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 75.
Caulolatilus cyanops, 288 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 76.
Alectis ciliaris, underwater photo by W Toller.
Figure 77.
Caranx ruber, 260.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 78.
Decapterus macarellus, underwater photo by W Toller.
Figure 79.
Selar crumenophthalmus, 240 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 80.
Seriola dumerili, large specimen at top; Seriola rivoliana, two smaller specimens below, photo by W Toller.
Figure 81.
Apsilus dentatus, 234 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 82.
Lutjanus buccanella, 249 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 83.
Lutjanus purpureus, 207 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 84.
Lutjanus synagris, 208 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 85.
Lutjanus vivanus, 311 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 86.
Pristipomoides aquilonaris, 263 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 87.
Rhomboplites aurorubens, 227.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 88.
Lobotes surinamensis, 300 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 89.
Haemulon album, 342 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 90.
Haemulon aurolineatum, 175 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 91.
Haemulon carbonarium, approximately 200 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 92.
Haemulon melanurum, 213.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 93.
Haemulon plumierii, 244.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 94.
Haemulon striatum, 154 mm SL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 95.
Equetus punctatus, 146.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 96.
Pareques acuminatus, 150.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 97.
Mulloidichthys martinicus, 105 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 98.
Pseudupeneus maculatus, 218.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 99.
Chaetodon capistratus, 99.4 mm SL; when younger, the specimen was apparently injured in the region of the fourth dorsal-fin spine (missing) and the area healed leaving a gap in the fin; photo by JT Williams.
Figure 100.
Chaetodon striatus, 111.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 101.
Prognathodes aculeatus, 62.9 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 102.
Centropyge argi, 33.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 103.
Holacanthus tricolor, 19.3 mm SL, juvenile color pattern, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 104.
Holacanthus tricolor, 40.1 mm SL, intermediate color pattern, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 105.
Amblycirrhitus pinos, 22.6 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 106.
Chromis cyanea, 67.5 mm SL, iridescent blue colors on body faded immediately after death, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 107.
Chromis multilineata, 56.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 108.
Stegastes partitus, 58.6 mm SL, black-tailed color morph, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 109.
Stegastes partitus, 58.6 mm SL, yellow-tailed color morph, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 110.
Stegastes planifrons, 82.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 111.
Clepticus parrae, 59.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 112.
Doratonotus megalepis, 44.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 113.
Halichoeres bivittatus, 37.9 mm SL, juvenile/initial color phase, showing the black spot in the dorsal fin and a somewhat unusual orangish anal fin, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 114.
Halichoeres bivittatus, 103.0 mm SL, terminal male color phase, with a distinctive red blotch on the side of the body above the pectoral fin, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 115.
Halichoeres garnoti, 46.4 mm SL, juvenile color phase, showing the characteristic blue stripe on a yellow body, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 116.
Halichoeres garnoti, 118.1 mm SL, initial/terminal color phase, this specimen has almost completed the transition from the female initial phase into a terminal male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 117.
Halichoeres garnoti, 125.3 mm SL, terminal male color phase, this specimen has completed the transition from the female initial phase into a terminal male and shows the characteristic black bar and dark area over the caudal peduncle, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 118.
Halichoeres pictus, 70.7 mm SL, juvenile color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 119.
Halichoeres pictus, 85.0 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 120.
Halichoeres poeyi, 87.9 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 121.
Thalassoma bifasciatum, 39.3 mm SL, juvenile/initial color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 122.
Thalassoma bifasciatum, 63.5 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 123.
Xyrichtys splendens, 15.1 mm SL, young juvenile color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 124.
Xyrichtys splendens, 22.1 mm SL, juvenile color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 125.
Xyrichtys splendens, 52.4 mm SL, initial color phase of female, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 126.
Xyrichtys splendens, 72.5 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 127.
Cryptotomus roseus, 61.5 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 128.
Scarus guacamaia, 647 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by W Toller.
Figure 129.
Scarus taeniopterus, 174.9 mm SL, initial female color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 130.
Scarus taeniopterus, 231.7 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 131.
Sparisoma atomarium, 13.7 mm SL, juvenile color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 132.
Sparisoma aurofrenatum, 53.8 mm SL, juvenile color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 133.
Sparisoma aurofrenatum, 164.0 mm SL, initial female color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 134.
Sparisoma aurofrenatum, 164 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 135.
Sparisoma chrysopterum, 274 mm SL, terminal male color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 136.
Sparisoma radians, 51.6 mm SL, juvenile color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 137.
Sparisoma viride, 222.9 mm SL, initial female color phase, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 138.
Enneanectes altivelis, 18.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 139.
Dactyloscopus tridigitatus, 50.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 140.
Dactyloscopus tridigitatus, 50.8 mm SL, dorsal view, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 141.
Gillellus uranidea, 27.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 142.
Platygillellus rubrocinctus, 24.1 mm SL, adult, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 143.
Platygillellus rubrocinctus, 12.1 mm SL, lateral view of juvenile, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 144.
Platygillellus rubrocinctus, 12.1 mm SL, dorsal view of juvenile, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 145.
Labrisomus gobio, 36.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 146.
Labrisomus haitiensis, 18.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 147.
Malacoctenus boehlkei, 36.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 148.
Paraclinus grandicomis, 27.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 149.
Starksia atlantica, 9.5 mm SL, juvenile, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 150.
Starksia atlantica, 15.1 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 151.
Starksia lepicoelia, 20.2 mm SL, adult female, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 152.
Starksia lepicoelia, 19.8 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 153.
Starksia nanodes, 10.6 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 154.
Acanthemblemaria aspera, 14.0 mm SL, juvenile/female, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 155.
Acanthemblemaria aspera, 19.7 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 156.
Acanthemblemaria aspera, 20.4 mm SL, yellow color morph (female?), photo by JT Williams.
Figure 157.
Emblemaria pandionis, 37.0 mm SL, adult female, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 158.
Emblemariopsis cf signifer, 16.2 mm SL, adult male, this specimen represents an undescribed species in the signifer species complex, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 159.
Acyrtus artius, 20.4 mm SL, dorsal view, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 160.
Acyrtus artius, 20.4 mm SL, lateral view, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 161.
Acyrtus artius, 20.4 mm SL, ventral view showing pelvic disk, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 162.
Paradiplogrammus bairdi, 39.8 mm SL, lateral view of an adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 163.
Paradiplogrammus bairdi, 29.8 mm SL, dorsal view of a smaller adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 164.
Coryphopterus dicrus, 31.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 165.
Coryphopterus eidolon, 18.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 166.
Coryphopterus glaucofraenum, 33.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 167.
Coryphopterus personatus, 19.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 168.
Coryphopterus thrix, 26.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 169.
Elacatinus chancei, 28.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 170.
Elacatinus evelynae, 27.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 171.
Evermannichthys metzelaari, 21.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 172.
Gnatholepis thompsoni, 31.5 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 173.
Lythrypnus elasson, 9.2 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 174.
Lythrypnus minimus, 10.6 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 175.
Lythrypnus nesiotes, 11.9 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 176.
Priolepis hipoliti, 12.2 mm SL, female, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 177.
Priolepis hipoliti, 18.7 mm SL, adult male, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 178.
Psilotris batrachodes, 13.3 mm SL, adult, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 179.
Psilotris boehlkei, 26.5 mm SL, adult, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 180.
Pycnomma roosevelti, 14.6 mm SL, adult, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 181.
Risor ruber, 18.7 mm SL, adult, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 182.
Acanthurus bahianus, 128.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 183.
Acanthurus chirurgus, 168.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 184.
Acanthurus coeruleus, 146.2 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 185.
Euthynnus alletteratus, 355.1 mm FL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 186.
Thunnus atlanticus, 516 mm FL, photo by W Toller.
Figure 187.
Antigonia capros, 37 mm SL, close-up of head, photo by W Toller.
Figure 188.
Bothus ocellatus, 95.8 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 189.
Symphurus arawak, 30.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 190.
Symphurus ommaspilus, 42.9 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 191.
Xanthichthys ringens, 87.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 192.
Cantherhines macrocerus, 273 mm SL, image flipped horizontally – right side is shown, photo by W Toller.
Figure 193.
Monacanthus ciliatus, 33.4 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 194.
Monacanthus tuckeri, 32.3 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 195.
Lactophrys trigonus, 293.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 196.
Lactophrys triqueter, 111.7 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 197.
Canthigaster rostrata, 50.9 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 198.
Sphoeroides spengleri, 73.1 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 199.
Chilomycterus antillarum, 180.0 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Figure 200.
Diodon holocanthus, 104.9 mm SL, photo by JT Williams.
Table 1.
Number of fishes recorded at well sampled sites in the Greater Caribbean.
Figure 201.
Actual species-accrual curve (black dots) for 38 dives collecting and identifying fish species on Saba Bank.
Sobs (Mao Tau) 95% confidence intervals [8] are shown as light blue dashed lines.
Table 2.
Collecting stations occupied on Saba Bank, 2006-2007.
Figure 202.
Hierarchical clustering dendrogram of stations showing significant differences (black bars) among fish assemblages at deep stations versus middle-depth and shallow stations (SIMPROF, P<0.05).