Figure 1.
Input-output correlation in different age groups of APPPS1-21 mice and their wild type littermate controls.
There was no difference found in baseline transmission at any age group (2-way repeated measure ANOVA, p>0.05).
Figure 2.
Inducing LTP in area CA1 in APPPS1-21 mice or littermate wild type controls aged 4.5 months showed robust LTP that lasted for 1 h post-HFS (n = 8 per group).
A 2-way repeated measures ANOVA did not show a difference between genotypes but over time (p<0.0001). Below: Shown are typical field fEPSPs of recordings 5 min before (1) and 1 h after HFS (2).
Figure 3.
Paired-pulse facilitation in area CA1 in 4.5 moths old animals.
The interstimulus interval was set at 25–200 ms. Analysis by 1-way ANOVA did not find an overall difference. A sample trace is shown which demonstrates paired-pulse facilitation at 80 ms interstimulus interval.
Figure 4.
Inducing LTP in area CA1 in APPPS1-21 mice or littermate wild type controls aged 6 months showed robust LTP (n = 9 per group).
A 2-way repeated measures ANOVA did not find a difference between genotypes. Below: Shown are typical field fEPSPs of recordings 5 min before (left) and 1 h after HFS (right).
Figure 5.
Paired-pulse facilitation in area CA1 in 6 months old animals.
The interstimulus interval was set at 25–200 ms. A 1-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a difference between groups (p<0.01). The 160 ms interstimulus interval showed a difference between groups (p<0.03) in a post-hoc Yuen's test, demonstrating increased PPF in the APPPS1-21 group.
Figure 6.
Inducing LTP in area CA1 in APPPS1-21 mice or littermate wild type controls aged 8 months showed robust LTP that lasted for 1 h post-HFS (n = 12 per group).
A 2-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a difference between genotype (p<0.001) over time (p<0.0001), showing that there was a decay of LTP in both groups. Below: Shown are typical field fEPSPs of recordings 5 min before (left) and 1 h after HFS (right).
Figure 7.
Paired-pulse facilitation in area CA1 in 8 months old animals.
A 1-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a difference between groups (p<0.005), but post hoc tests showed no differences between genotypes at any interstimulus interval.
Figure 8.
In 15 months old animals, HFS did not induce LTP in the APPPS1-21 animals (n = 8 per group).
There was a difference between genotypes (p<0.01) and a difference over time (p<0.0001). There was no interaction between these factors.
Figure 9.
Paired-pulse facilitation in area CA1 in 15 months old animals.
APPPS1-21 mice were severely impaired in PPF. A 1-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a difference between groups (p<0.05). Yuen's post-hoc tests showed highly significant differences between genotypes at 80 ms (p<0.01) and 160 ms (p<0.01) interstimulus interval.
Figure 10.
Analysis of the plaque load shows an age-dependent increase of plaque numbers in the hippocampus of APPPS1 mice.
A one-way ANOVA showed an overall difference of p<0.0001. Scale bar = 500 µm. Lower right: a sample micrograph of an electrode location in area CA1, strat. radiatum ( = rad); pyr = strat. pyramidale, or = strat. oriens, DG = dentate gyrus.