Table 1.
Three versions of persistence criteria.
Table 2.
Top polymorphisms in Top 30 genes at SZGene [30] (August 10, 2009).
Table 3.
Common variants on chromosome 6p22.1 associated with SZ [31].
Table 4.
OR vs. allele frequency in the unaffected population.
Table 5.
Allele frequency in the unaffected population vs. OR.
Table 6.
Required sample size in an association study for a common variant.
Table 7.
Required sample size in GWAS for SZ.
Table 8.
Power of association study for a single variant.
Table 9.
Power of GWAS for SZ.
Figure 1.
Devil's triangle of high heritability, high prevalence and low reproductive fitness.
The three epidemiological properties-high heritability, high prevalence and low fitness- form a Devil's triangle; any combination of the two tends to exclude the third. In this triangle most diseases vanish except for schizophrenia.
Table 10.
Pooled sample sizes in association studies for top 30 genes at SZGene [30].
Table 11.
Sample sizes of GWAS for SZ to date.
Table 12.
Epidemiological data by Haukka et al. [17].
Figure 2.
Distribution of the relative fitness in the affected population.
In the multifactorial threshold model, the relative fitness as a quantitative trait in the affected population is assumed to approximately follow a gamma distribution with the mean . The distribution curve in the affected subpopulation with an allele M shifts to the right only if M has a strong protective effect. Thus it can be assumed that the relative fitness in the affected subpopulation with a pathogenic allele M approximately follows a gamma distribution with a mean not greater than
(i.e.
;
).