Figure 1.
Map showing geographic location of the crania samples analyzed.
Table 1.
Sample composition, abbreviations, age, gender distribution and sample sizes.
Figure 2.
Allocated geometric coordinates are displayed with different symbols.
Landmarks are represented as squares (▪), whereas semilandmarks are represented as circles (•) on face (A) and vault (B) views. The numbers correspond to the following landmarks: nasion (1); nasospinale (2); prosthion (3); alare (4); ectoconchion (5); frontotemporale (6); frontomalare temporale (7); ectomolare (8); post-mastoid (9).
Figure 3.
Relative Warp analysis of the face.
A) Ordination of the 16 East Central samples in the space of the first two relative warps, based on the partial warp and uniform component variables calculated for the face. The circles (•) represent the consensus individual or mean shape for each Later Late Holocene sample (llH), stars (★) represent the consensus individual for each Earlier Late Holocene sample (elH), and number sign (#) represents the consensus individual for the Early Holocene sample from Arroyo Seco 2 (eH). B and C) Facial shape changes implied by variation along the first relative warp axis is shown as deformation grids. Grids show shape changes for negative (B) and positive (C) deviations from the mean for RW1.
Figure 4.
Procrustes fit of geographic coordinates and temporal data (circle) onto the position of mean facial shape for each East Central Argentina sample on relative warps 1 and 2.
Figure 5.
Relative Warp analysis of the cranial vault.
A) Ordination of the individuals from East Central samples in the space of the first two relative warps, based on the partial warp and uniform component variables calculated for the vault. The circles (•) represent the individuals for Later Late Holocene sample (llH), stars (★) represent the individuals for each Earlier Late Holocene sample (elH), and number sign (#) represents the individual for the Early Holocene sample from Arroyo Seco 2 (eH). The ellipses are the 95% confidence intervals of Earlier and Later Late Holocene mean samples. B and C) Vault shape changes implied by variation along the first relative warp axis is shown as deformation grids. Grids show shape changes for negative (B) and positive (C) deviations from the mean for RW1.