Artificial intelligence for monitoring hand hygiene compliance in healthcare settings: A scoping review
Fig 4
Comparative technical landscape of AI hand hygiene monitoring approaches represented in the reviewed studies.
Comparison of the main AI-based hand hygiene monitoring approaches reported in the reviewed studies, including computer vision-based, wearable sensing, radar/radio frequency-based, and IoT-integrated systems. Abbreviations: AI, artificial intelligence; RGB, red-green-blue; RGB-D, red-green-blue plus depth; CNN, convolutional neural network; 3D CNN, three-dimensional convolutional neural network; IMU, inertial measurement unit; ML, machine learning; LSTM, long short-term memory; RF, radio frequency; mmWave, millimeter wave; IoT, Internet of Things.f Things.