Data-driven p-norms for estimating transmission loss coefficients in power systems
Fig 2
Distribution of estimation errors represented by boxplots: A) the 14-bus test system, B) the 39-bus test system, C) the 57-bus test system, and D) the 118-bus test system.
The box denotes the interquartile range (Q1–Q3), the horizontal line indicates the median, and the whiskers represent the minimum and maximum values.