Experimental investigation of tensile properties and fracture behavior of ophthalmic sutures under straight, knotted, and looped configurations: Vicryl, nylon, and polypropylene
Fig 6
Failure modes of fibers: (a) Heakled failure (HF), (b) Mushroom failure (MF), (c) Tensile-Shear failure-1 (TSF-1), (d) Tensile-Shear failure-2 (TSF-2), (e) Distributed failure (DF), (f) Confusion failure (CF), (g) Brittle failure (BF), and (h) Hackled failure with permanent deformation (HF-PD).